S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 64. (Budapest, 2003)

Periclistus species are associated with Diplolepis rose galls. The biology has been studied in details in some Holarctic species (e.g. Brooks & Shorthouse 1997, Shorthouse 1973, 1980). Larvae of some Periclistus species can strongly modify the gall structure of the host (Shorthouse 1973, 1980). Three other species of Periclistus were described from Eastern Palaearctic: P. mongolicus Belizin, 1973 from Mongolia (Belizin 1973), and two other species, P. natalis Taketani et Jasumatzu, 1973 and P. quinlani Taketani et Jasumatzu, 1973 from Japan, from galls of Diplolepis japonicus Walker, 1874 (Abe 1998). Below, Periclistus species, known from the Hungarian fauna are listed. Periclistus brandtii (Ratzeburg, 1831) - Synonyms - Cynips brandtii Ratzeburg, 1831, Ay lax brandtii: Hartig 1840, Aulax brandtii: Schenck 1863, A. (Periclistus) brandtii: Thomson 1877. Hosts recorded from Hungary - attacks multilocular galls of Diplolepis mayri (Schlechtendal, 1877) and D. rosae (Linnaeus, 1758). Distribution - Probably throughout the Western Palaearctic. Known from AD, AT, BG, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, HU (new record), IT, NO, PL, PT, RO, SE and UA. Periclistus caninae (Hartig, 1840) - Synonyms - Aylax caninae Hartig, 1840, Aulax caninae: Schenck 1863, Periclistus caninae: Foerster 1869, Aulax (P.) caninae: Thomson 1877, Aulax germanus Schenck, 1863, Periclistus rosaruin Dettmer, 1924, syn. n. (see Appendix 3). Hosts recorded from Hungary - attacks unilocular galls of Diplolepis nervosa (Curtis, 1838) (= D. centifoliae (Hartig, 1840)) and D. eglanteriae (Hartig, 1840). Distribution - Probably throughout the Western Palaearctic. Known from AD, AT, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, HU (new record), NO, NL (new record), PL, PT, RO, and SE. Saphonecrus Dalla Torre et Kieffer, 1910 Saphonecrus is a genus closely related to Synergus (Pujade-Villar & Nieves-Aldrey 1990). Both genera have the 1st metasomal tergite entirely sulcate. Nevertheless, in Saphonecrus, frontal carinae are absent (Fig. 2B), the radial cell in the forewing is opened, without the marginal vein; antennae of females 13 and that of males 14-15 segmented. Five valid species are known from the Western Palaearctic and three of them have been collected in Hungary. Key to the Western Palaearctic species of the genus Saphonecrus Dalla Torre et Kieffer 1. Lateral pronotal carina absent; pronotum rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 2C); Fl usually less than 2.0 times as long as pedicel (Figs 3C-D); radial cell 2.5-3.0 times as long as broad; male with 15-segmented antenna S. connatus (Hartig, 1840)