S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 53. (Budapest, 1992)

Within one biotope, the spiders came from trees nearly of the same age and trunk diameter. The ages and foliage structures of the trees in the different biotopes were extraordinarily different, causing, first of all, the extraordinarily great variability of values. The abundance and species number of spiders, even independently from biotope types, were in close correlation with the tree diameter at breast height. Discussion The 20 species, making up nearly the 95% of the total abundancy, can be seen in dominance order in Table 2. On the right of the table the number of biotopes where the species came from are indicated. The share of collected families and guilds are given in percentages starting from the town centre towards to the suburbs, in Table 3. The guild composition is very similar to the spider communities on spruce and other coniferous trees, known from literature. On an average, the web spinners guild makes up 60% of the total specimen number. In the case of inner town I, the above average value is even raised further by the Theridiidae family (69.4%). As for both species and specimen number, the Theridiidae family is best represented in the area of the whole town. Theridion tinctum was found in every biotope. It is one of the most typical spruce-associated species in Northern Europe, too. It is referred to by Lehtinen, et al. (1979), and Palmgren (1972). Tretzel (1954) mentions it as a hylobiont species, which means that it equally prefers the fringes of forests and the inner zones. The species specimen number was relatively higher in the inner town and on younger trees. The Theridiidae family prefers the medium-wet and the dry biotops (Scheidler 1990, Szinetár 1992). Thus, for the Th. tinctum, and the whole Theriidae family a relation with the relative dry climate of the inner city can be assumed. The foliage structure of the pine trees is in correlation with their age. The needle-thin type foliage, typical of young trees, is favourable for small size spiders (<2.5 mm), e.g. for Theridiidae (Gunnarsson 1990). Theridion bimaculatum, as an eurytopic species (Jedlickova 1988) was frequent in all biotopes. Further Theridiidae species mentioned by authors as coniferous tree associated spiders are: Th. impressum, Th. variáns, Th. pinastri, Dipoena melanogaster. Th. mystaceum is described by Wunderlich (1982) as a bark-dwelling spider. Steatoda triangulosa together with Dictyna civica and Nigma walckenaeri deserve attention as town-dwelling synanthrop species (Sacher 1983). Of the Dictynidae family amounting to over 10% of all the abundance, the most frequent species are Lathys humilis and Dictyna pusilla. L. humilis is a hylobiont (Engelhardt 1958), forest-dwelling, predominantly xerophil species (Platen 1984). D. pusilla is mentioned both by Platen (1984) and Jedlickova (1988) as a xerophil species. It is referred to by Loksa (1969) as a spider also frequent in reeds in Hungary. On coniferous trees, the Araneidae family is a characteristic member of the web-spinners. Of the family, the presence of Gibbaranea omoeda is the most remarkable, being a spruce associated spider, which, in Northern Europe, such as in Finland, is one of the most typical spruce-living spiders (Lehtinen, et al. 1979, Palmgren 1974). Presumably, its abundance is greater on the upper levels of the trees in the studied biotopes (Loksa 1969). Araneus Sturmi can be found