S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 53. (Budapest, 1992)

in deciduous forests, but, similarly to the previous species, it is associated primarily to spruce (Palmgren 1974). A, Sturmi was characteristic of 50% of the biotopes. Mangora acalypha, as a helio-, thermo-, and xerophil species, is very frequent on the trees in towns (Jedlickova 1988). Araniella curucbitina, as an euryvalent species is one of the most spread spiders of the whole Paleartic region. Among orb-weaving spiders, the Tetragnathidae species with a relative low abundance are characteristic dwellers of the habitat. Hyptiotes paradoxus, representative of the Uloboridae family, also deserves attention. This species is quite frequent in spruce forests (Jedlickova 1988, Szinetár 1992). One Erigoninae species of the Linyphidae, Entelecara congnera is to be pointed out. Palmgren (1972) refers to it as the third most typical spruce-associated spider in Finland. Platen (1984) considers it as a hygrobiont species preferring, first of all, damp forests. Meioneta rurestris as partial eurytopic species was found in 60% of the biotopes. The hunters guild on average amount to 40% of the abundance. Within that Philodromidae species is far the most predominant. With its excelling abundance (1056 animals) and constant presence, Philodromus aureolus is the most frequent species of spruce, an eurytopic one with wide range of tolerance to light. It is an euryhygrobiont species, and lives mainly in coniferous woods (Jedlickova 1988, Palmgren 1972, Lehtinen, et al. 1979). Ph. aureolus lives facultatively on or under bark of trees (Wunderlich 1982). It shows the highest density (X=7.8±3.1) on old spruces with sound foliage (Gunnarsson 1988). According to his studies, great needle density is favourable for sizeable species (2.5 mm <). The presence of the new Ph. glaucinus of the Philodromidae family is characteristic of our fauna mentioned above. The Salticidae family are a characteristic member of the hunters guild. To evaluate their absence from the inner city biotopes, further studies are needed. The most frequent species is Dendriphantes nidicolens, very typical everywhere, except for inner town I. It is to be remembered that in earlier studies the Dendriphantes rudis was found considerably more frequent in natural biotopes. Palmgren (1972) and Platen (1984) also refer to the latter as a characteristic spruce-living species. In town, D. nidicolens was much more common (137 animals, 14 biotopes) than D. rudis (23 animals, 5 biotopes). Of the Salticidae family, Salticus zebraneus has to be emphasized, found in 10 biotopes. Platen (1984) and Jedlickova (1988) describes it as a wood- and bark-dwellirig species. Clubiona genevensis, found nearly in the half of the biotopes, is a thermophil, bark-dwelling species (Platen 1984). The sizeable Cheiracanthium mildei deserves attention with its frequency of presence. It has nowhere been mentioned as a coniferous-tree-living species. The only Dysderidae found, the Segestria bavarica is also a rare bark-dwelling species (Loksa 1969, Wunderlich 1982). Finally, the predominantly xerophil Ero aphana, as representative of Mimetidae family is worth mentioning. It is a characteristic member of spider cenosis, which, except for the town centre, was found, though in small abundance, in many places (8 biotopes). It seems to be more frequent on young pine trees, which can be associated with the similar habitat preference of its potential prey, the Therididae species. Acknowledgements. The author of the paper owes his gratitude to Dr. Imre Loksa, his teacher, who provided valuable help prior to and with the present work. Thanks are also due to my student, László Lőrinc for his help in the research work and in the processing as well.