Folia archeologica 54.

András Markó: Egy kis puzzle: további vizsgálatok a szobi felső-paleolitikus leletegyüttesen

28 GYÖRGY LENGYEL largest was 4.20 m. One hearth 2.60 tn in diameter included numerous knapped flakes and animal bones on its upper surface. The charcoal analysis specified close resemblance with Pinus rotundata of wet woodland species for all samples. Fifty meters southward from the 1930-1931 trenches a small unit also was tested. This yielded a few artifacts and bone fragments. The subsequent season in 1932 recovered the immediate vicinity of the small test trench of south in 1931.

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4 The excavated area made up 39 square meters, within which the finds appeared 2.90 m beneath the top soil surface. Starting from this level down to 3.80 m lithics and fragments of animal bones were found throughout a 90 cm thick loess section. Near the upper boundary of the appearance of finds, 3.0 m below the recent soil surface, a wooden object of 50 cm long, 15 cm wide, and 5 cm thick was found. Here, the lower archaeological layer did not show up. Three years later in 1935 the excavation was extended northwest to the trench of 1932.

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5 Archaeological remains were retrieved from a 40-65 cm thick part of the loess, and a "garbage heap" consisting of animal bones, knapped lithics, ash. charcoal and ochre were found. This feature lay in tilling position and some of the bones stood vertically in its matrix. A lower level of finds showed up 1.0 m beneath the upper layer separated by sterile loess in the northwestern terminal of trench 1935. Its thickness was 30 cm and it contained numerous bone fragments and weak remains of fire. Excavations of 1936, 1937 and 1941 are unpublished. Gábori-Gábori describes these excavations in detail on the basis of the unpublished notes of the S. Gallus, but no documents of such are accessible today.

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6 In 1936 four trenches numbered with roman numerals (I-IV) were dug. Two layers were excavated. Field maps of this season mark a large "garbage heap" with 3 holes in trench IV.

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7 West of the holes the map displays a box of about 4 square meters that was used to remove an in situ part of the sediment in 1941. The content of this box was excavated in the Hungarian National Museum in the 1970s. From the excavation in 1937 no original documents are available, but GáboriGábori describes the fieldwork after the notes of S. Gallus absent today.

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8 In trench A of 1937, the upper archaeological layer showed up 1.40 m beneath the top soil surface, and the lower layer was recorded 20 cm beneath the upper one. The elevation difference between the two layers in trench В raised up to 1.54 m. Average thickness of the archaeological layers was 40 cm. In trench A, finds came to light throughout the whole thickness of the exposed sediment from the upper layer downwards. Trench С contained scarce features and finds of archaeology. In 1941

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9 the excavation took place among the trenches of 1935, 1936, and 1937 in the center of the site.

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0 Documents are unavailable, and similarly to the excavation in 1937, Gábori-Gábori describes some features on the basis of the notes ofS. Gallus.

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1 The exact position and the thickness of the upper archaeological layer is unknown, and all what is known about the lower archaeological layer is that it lay 1 m beneath the upper one.

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2 In the beginning of the 1950s the stratigraphy of the site was sampled for analysis of particle size, СаСОЗ, humus content, and hygroscopicity in the southern wall 1

4 GALLUS 1936. 1

5 GALLUS 1936. 1

6 GÁBORI-GÁBORI 1957. 1

7 Inventory number of the Archives of the Hungarian National Museum: 20.S. 1

8 GÁBORI-GÁBORI 1957. 1

9 Inventory number of the Archives of the Hungarian National Museum: 40.S.U. 2

0 Inventory number of the Archives of the Hungarian National Museum: 20.S. 2

1 GÁBORI-GÁBORI 1957. 2

2 Inventory number of the Archives of the Hungarian National Museum: 40.S.II.