Folia archeologica 37.

Korek József: Karáth József (1913-1985)

42 VIOLA T. DOBOSI - ISTVÁN VÖRÖS Four rolled/worn bone fragments of large herbivores were also found in L 8. They are: rib fragm. its length is 85 mms; three fragments of longbone cortex pieces: length are 60— 103 mms. (Fig. 7. 1 — 4.). CHRONOLOGY OF THE LAYERS IN THE PILISSZÁNTÓ ROCK-SHELTER II. The dating of the site went through continuous alterations during the gradual accumulation of knowledge the find material in the rock-shelter. 1., At first L. Vértes placed the "lower 8—9—10" layers of the rock-shelter within Würm III. According to him the lithics from these layers belonged to Magdalenian I. He placed the "upper 5—6—7" layers to the postglacial period. He explained the development of the "final tuff layer" ("L 4 or 6") by the humid climate of the Boreal period

2

1. As early as 1946, however, L. Vértes stated that the tools of the Pilisszántó — Rock-Shelter II were older than the industry of the lower level of the Pilisszántó — Rock-Shelter I. (Fig. 2.) 2., Later, during the study of the "Würm-Interstadial" (= Würm I—

II Interstadial) Vértes placed the Szeletian type stone tools and the "lower 9— 10 layers of the Pilisszántó Rock-Shelter II. into the Würm I

/II Interstadial; the "lower 8" layer" to the beginning of the "Eastern (sic!) Phase of Würm II; the "upper layer 7" to the Würm 11 +

III Stadial while according to him the "tuff layer" ("L 6") belonged to the period of the Postglacial climate optimum

2

2. (Fig. 2.) 3., At last, in the "Vértes' Handbook" on the Hungarian Paleolithic and Mesolithic, he wrote that the Jankovich Cave type scraper with the big bulb of percussion and the obsidian "Szeleta type scraper" (which were found in the "lower 8—9—10 layers") belonged to the tundra phase ot Würm I/II — Würm II

2

3. He regarded the thick, homogeneous loess layer ("L 7") henceforward as representing the Würm 11 +

III Stadial. It is interesting that during the enumerating of the faunal data the classification of layers belonging to the "Upper" and "Lower" groups of layers is not the same as in the description of the rock-shelter (Fig. 2.)

2\ 4., According to M. Gábori, the tools of Pilisszántó —Rock-Shelter II belong to the beginning of the Würm I/II Interstadial

2

5, or rather regarding their uncertain stratigraphical position, he thinks that their age is the same as those from the Szeleta cave

2

0. 5., V. Gábori— Csánk considered one of the tools (Fig. 3.1.) a Middle Paleolithic 2

1 Vértes, L„ 1951. 2

2 Vértes, L., 1955a., Id., 1955b 270-271., foot-note 59. In Abb. 2. Date determinations are missing next to the names of the layers, altough they are present in the original manuscript (DK 116) This manuscript is qouted here. 2

3 Vértes, L., 1965 161-162. 2

4 Vértes, L., 1965 161., 325. 2

5 Gábori, M., Regionale Verbreitung paläolithischer Kulturen Ungarns. Acta Arch. Hung. 21 (1969) 160. 2

6 Gábori, AI., Az ősember korának kutatása Magyarországon (1969 — 1980). MTAK(II). 30/1 (1981) 99.