Az Egri Ho Si Minh Tanárképző Főiskola Tud. Közleményei. 1979. (Acta Academiae Paedagogicae Agriensis : Nova series ; Tom. 15)
II. TANULMÁNYOK A NYELV-, AZ IRODALOMÉS - Dr. Vadon Lehel: Upton Sinclair világnézete a magyarországi kritika tükrében
Upton Sinclair is undoubtedly a socialist writer though his social philosophy has arosed heated debates both in the United States and abroad. He was a person with extremely contradictory propositions. His specifically individual socialist philosophy has its root in his Utopian tendencies, his acceptance of the Darwinian ideas of evolution in social progress, his refusal of revolutionary changes, his Christian Socialistic belief and his repudiation of the church, his interest in history and belief in the democratic ideal, his sense of justice and abhorrence of a class society, his sympathy on the side of the working class and his misunderstanding of the working-class movement, his anticapitalistic way of thinking and his fear of the fundamental change of capitalist society, and his conception of himself as a radical thinker. This paper is devoted to the problem of how and how widely Upton Sinclair's many coloured, complicated and often contradictory philosophy has been debated and received in the Hungarian periodicals and newspapers by Hungarian men of letters throughout the last three-quarters of the century. BocnpHflTiie (J)Hjioco(j3HH AnTOHa Cnmuiepa neHrepcKoif jiMTepaiypHow KPHTMKOM ,U-p Jlexeji BaflOH AOTOH CMHKJICP, BBIFLATOMNFICFL AMEPW<AHCKMM COIJMA.NWCTMMCCKMIÍ RMCATCJIB, HawSojiee ií3BecTHwíí h BjiMiiTejibHbiw npeAcraBMTejib xyAO>KecTBeHHow rpynnbi rwcaTencw T. H. pe(JjopMMCTCKOro „muckraker" ABHJKCHW « nocraBmi nepcß coöotí ijejib nonaaaTb TeHeBbic CTOpOHbf COBpeMeHHOH AMCpHKM, KOppyniJHK), UapamyiO BO BCex OÖJiaCTHX SKOHOMHMeCKOÍI, ÍIOJIMTMMeCKOM, OÖmeCTBeHHOH, HHAyCTpwajIbHOM H KyJIbTypHOH JKM3HH. BO MHOHIX CBOMX poMaHax-penopTajKax H ^cypHanbHbix cTaTbax OH yöeflMTeJibHO n0Ka3biBaJi, KaK ßajieKo AMepMKa CTOHT OT MfleaJlbHOM fleMOKpaTMMeCKOil CMCTeMbI M Ha OCHOBe MHOrOMHCJieHHblX AaHHblX, 33HTbIX M3 ACMCTBHTejIbHOCTM, OH A0Ka3blBaJI, MTO aiViepMKaHCKOe MH^yCTpMaJIbHoe 05tu;ecTB0 SojieeT. B KanecTBe nncaTCJi« m HenpocjDeccwoHajibHoro nojiwTMKa AnTOH CpfHKJiep Sopojica 3a yjiyHineHwe oömecTBa TeM, MTO BCKpbiBaji m aHajw3npoBaji TíUKéJibie oömecTBCHHbie 6ojre3HH. OH nwcan c BOOFLYUIEBJIEHNEM, TajiaHTjiMBO, NPHBJIEKAJI K ce6e unipoKHM oßu^ecTBeHHbm HHTepec, BOcnHTbiBaji aMepMKaHCKMx MMTaTejiew B ayxe 6opb6bi npOTHB pacnpocTpaHeHHOíi Koppyrmnn M OH 3a.no>KWJI 0CH0BY MHOrwx pecfropM. OH noKa3KJI HpaBCTBeHHoe pa3Jio>KeHMe Bcero oßmecTBa. OH MO>KCT SbiTb H33BaH nepBbiM npojieTapcKMM nücaTejieM B AMepwKe. AriTOH CnHKJiep HBJiaeTCH, HCCOMHCHHO, couwajiMCTPmecKMM rwcaTeJieM, XOTH ero 06üieciBeHHaa cfmjiococtwíi Bbi3Ba.ua oaaiBJiéHHbie cnopw He TOJibKO B CoeAHHéHHbix IIlTatax AMepwKM, HO H 3a py6e>KOM. OH 6biJi HCJIOBCKOM npe3BbmaMH0 npoTMBOpenMBbix B3i'jinflOB. Ero peuiHieJibHO MHAMBM^yajibHaa oSu^ecTpeHHaa cpHJiococpMH MMeeT CBOM KOpHli B VTOnnqeCKHX TeHACHLJHflX, B npMH»TMM TeOpHM 3BOJHOIJMH flapBMHa M B nepeneceHMH ee Ha oSmecrBCHHoe pa3BMTwe, B HCIIPMHHTHM peBOJiioijMOHHbix H3MeHeHHH, B XpHCTHaiTCKOÍÍ COIJMajIMCTHHeCKOM Bepe M B OTpimaHHM I^epKBH, B HHTepeCe K iiCTopmi h B Bepe B fleMOKpaTpmecKMe M ^eanbi, B *iyBCTBe cnpaBeajinBOCTw w B oTBpameHHH OT KJiaccoBoro oÖmecTBa, B CHMnaTWH K paßoneMy KJiaccy u b HeAonoHMMaHiiH pa6onero Abhjkchmh, B aHTMKanwTajíMCTMHecKOM oöpa3e MbimjieHHH M B crpaxe nepeA OCHOBHMMM H3MeHeHMHMM B KanMTajiwcTWHecKOM oSmecTBe H B KOHijenijmix ero KaK paanKajibHoro MbicJiMTejiH. HacToamaa paQoia n OCBÍI Uí eH a BbiHcneHMio npoSaeM, KaK h B KaKOw crentHM MHoroo6pa3HaH, cjio>KHaH m Macro npoTHBopeMUBaa tfcimiococfciMJi AnTOHa CMHKJiepa npMHHMajiacb BeHrepcKHMM jwTepaTopaivm 3a nocjteflHee 75 JieT Hantero BeKa. 252