Armuth Miklós - Lőrinczi Zsuzsa (szerk.): A Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Történeti Campusa (Budapest, 2023)
CZIGLER Győző élete és munkássága - The Life and CEuvre of Győző CZIGLER Kalmár Miklós
THE LIFE AND CE U V R E OF GYŐZŐ CZIGLER Győző Czigler's great-grandfather came to Hungary from Switzerland and settled down in Szerém county (the southern part of historical Hungary) to make a living as a farming landowner. His son, Anton Zigler (1767-1862) studied architecture in Vienna. Obtaining the rights to practice as a master builder, he was later on employed in this capacity by the Wenckheim family on their estates in Gyula. He had already used his name as Czigler and built a variety of buildings besides approximately 25 churches. Antal Czigler was raised to noble rank and sent his son, Antal Czigler Jr. (1810-1872) to Vienna to attend both the military technical academy and the arts academy there. The son settled down in Arad (today: Arad, Romania) and came to build several churches and residential buildings in the town and its surroundings. His name is thus associated with the Orthodox church in Arad (1862-1865) and partly the theatre building (1871-1876) of the same town too. Győző Czigler (1850-1905) picked up the basics of architecture from his father, Antal Czigler Jr. In Arad he attended the secondary school of the Minorite order and went on studying in the academy of fine arts in Vienna from October, 1869 till 1872 as a pupil of Theophil Hansen. His father had already got to know the two types of architectural training available in Vienna in the 19th century: namely the military technical academy (politechnics) and arts academy. Up until the early 19th century the term “architect" had actually been used as a catchword meaning both the designer of buildings and the master builder realizing their designs. Throughout this century the two professions gradually grew separated by specialisation. As the opportunities to practise the profession widened and the specialised forms of architecture developed in the middle of the 19th century, Győző Czigler Jr. chose to be trained at the arts academy only: the frequency and standards of architectural commissions had required more and more specialised professionals by then, and he devoted himself to design. In the first half of the 19th century architectural projects of European standards mushroomed in Vienna, the capital of the Monarchy. Construction associated with the evolving Ringstrasse after the demolition of the former city walls offered employment for the most prestigious architects of the continent. As a result, buildings by the Austrian Ludvig von Förster (1797-1863), who was also active in Hungary, Heinrich von Ferstel (1828-1883), Gottfried Semper (1803-1879) from Dresden, Karl von Hasenauer (1833-1896), August Si card von Si card sburg (1813-1868), Eduard van der Nü ll (1812-1868) and the Danish Theophil Hansen (1813-1891) flank this world-famed boulevard. Hansen was also the designer of the neoclassic Parliament building (1861-1883) and the Museum of Military History (1856), which “historicizes" medieval, Oriental and Romantic forms, the famous Musikverein (1867-1870), composed of Neo-Renaissance forms as well as the Fine Arts Academy (1877), all in Vienna. The well-trained, versatile and much-experienced Danish architect followed in the footsteps of Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781-1861) from Berlin, who required a thorough knowledge of styles and represented a mature kind of Classicism with a purity of style. Győző Czigler came to be a pupil of Hansen at the
