Kenyeres István (szerk.): Urbs. Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv XVI. - Urbs 16. (Budapest, 2022)
Abstracts
Abstracts Katalin Simon Pubs and Wines in the Labyrinth of Law The Question of Wine Distribution in Pest-Buda and Óbuda before the Town Unification The period between 1850 and 1873 is a fascinating but less focused area for historical research. The integration of Óbuda into the city of Buda on 19 December 1849 was a mixed success, which the locals perceived as having been granted the duties of a free royal city, but not the rights that went with it. This was followed by the integration of Pest and Buda into a single administrative unit on 13 November 1850. The 1859 Industrial Act also marked a major change in the life of the three cities. The economy of Óbuda, which was annexed to the two free royal towns, was particularly affected by the introduction of a consumption tax in 1853, based on the wealth of the two more prosperous towns, and the inclusion of the three towns in a common tax district. Nevertheless, the three cities’ procedures for wine distribution and pubs have retained elements of the previous rules. In Óbuda, a major break in the previous system of wine sales, the leasehold system from the manor, was the practice introduced by the Pachtungs Geschäfts Kanzlei in 1854, which leased the right to sell wine to private individuals rather than directly to the city. This started a decades-long dispute between the different parties on the local regulation of the sale of alcohol, the rights and obligations of the different actors (including law enforcement issues), which was further complicated by the fact that the vineyards were eventually redeemed by the city, so that the people of Óbuda had grapes and wine but no right to sell alcohol, while the manor (and its representatives) had the right to sell wine without having local wine. In contrast to Óbuda, the municipal administrations of Pest and Buda had to deal with other problems during this period, among which we would like to highlight the issue of wine import and the “civil wine trade”, and the debate on the latter between 1868 and 1870. Eleonóra Géra The City of Wines, the Wine of the City Buda’s Urban Vineyards in the Early 18th Century The reputation of the Buda wine region was not forgotten during the Ottoman rule, so much so that after the reconquest, imperial officials, military officers, craftsmen, and Rascian peasants all tried to obtain or occupy vineyards. Regardless of the social order or religious group they belonged to, a significant proportion of Buda’s new inhabitants Urbs. Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv XVI. 2021.467^178. p.
