Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 7. (Budapest, 2012)
Recenziók
Abstracts 589 the issue of the prestigious and prominent burgages in the inner town, all were shaped to more or less “final” during the period when the inner administrative and governmental as well as the outside political necessities forced certain alternations. And these characteristics remained basically unchanged until the city turned to be the seat of the Hungarian governmental administration in the 1540s. As for the residence character issue, the author noted that in the 1420s and 1430s the close connections to the royal court and to the ruler strongly influenced the development of the studied phenomena. Naturally, due to the political and financial pressure this “royal” orientation can be considered as a “must”. Nonetheless, after Sigismund’s death the strong residential character ceased to exist and significant changes took place, among others first and foremost in the functioning of the urban self-government. Since many of these changes took shape under the political circumstances of the post-Sigis- mund era in a milieu determined by the place and position of Pressburg, in their formation and development the new political framework within which the town must have operated also played a significant role. LÁSZLÓ SZABOLCS GULYÁS Improvement of the Residence and the City: Landlord and Market Towns in the Eastern Part of the Medieval Hungary The studies concerning the medieval residences have long traditions in the Hungarian historical research. This issue came to the fore related to the “Buda debate”, but András Kubinyi was the first who attempted to examine the residence really as the one of the characteristically factors of the urban development. The place of residence, viz. irrespective to the type of the estate had important role in the life of a settlement: by its leader function in the economy, as producer and costumer in the markets, as a permanent employer, by the judicial functions taken to the settlement and through the cultural improvements carried out there, an ecclesiastical, royal centre or the centre of a private landlord influenced essentially the local possibilities of urban development. This developer role could have different levels depending on the type of settlement, the owner and the preliminaries of urbanisation. It can be proved by the examples of those three settlements - one of them was episcopal, while the other two settlements belonged to landlords were emerged by different ways of development - which are explained in this study. Although during the establishment of the residence the landlord had different implements and possibilities in case of the studied Eger, Várda and Patak, the purpose was to found a representative dwelling place in all three cases, which were succeeded.
