Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 7. (Budapest, 2012)
Recenziók
590 Abstracts ATTILA TÓZSA-RIGÓ Relation of the Court and (Capital) City on the Basis of Accounts from Pozsony and Documents of the Chamber The gradual increasing of the state’s central power can be seen as one of the most typical characteristics of the early modem era. In that period the state’s administration expanded more than it had ever before. The burger’s economic wealth was the only chance for the towns to moderate that process. This study reviews Pozsony’s changes in its functions during the second half of the 16th century. That town, which turned to be the Hungarian Kingdom’s administrative centre in the 1530s, can’t be considered as a residency. The definition signs belong to the later model (namely the residency-town) might be just partly identified in case of the early modern era Pozsony. By and large Pozsony can be considered the political and with some conditions administrative centre of “only” Hungarian Kingdom (of course along with Vienna). Analysing the town’s positions against the state another issue revealed. Namely in what ways could Pozsony finance the state’s burdens? According to the sources it can be concluded that the town until the 1570s could surely balance the budget, but even if slightly Pozsony’s ability to offset the deficit likely weakened. Despite the instability and fluctuation they could maintain the balance, however the available reserves slowly but gradually decreased. The study just briefly deals with the way how the chamber purchased estates and the localization of these places. JÓZSEF BESSENYEI Nagyszombat in the Decades after the Battle of Mohács (1526) Nagyszombat had the privileges of the free royal cities (libera regiae civitas) and was one of the eight most important and richest royal cities (civitates magistri tavernico- rum). Nagyszombat had lively and intensive connections to Sopron and Pozsony, however, the city intensified its connections with Buda after 1528. Nagyszombat became a significant trade center, that is to say, it conferred the right to have five markets in the Hungarian Kingdom in the 16th century. Moreover, several important international trade-routes crossed Nagyszombat. For instance the so-called Czech Road, which led to Prague across Szakolca, Brno, Jihlava and Kutná Hora cities. The Czech Road also led to Silesia along the Vág valley, and through the mountain-pass of Jablonka, which in fact served as an important road of wine export. The clear signs of urbanization were
