Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 7. (Budapest, 2012)
Recenziók
Abstracts 585 life belonged to a concrete royal residence, apart from these, several other different type of residential objects were available for the king in both of these places and in their vicinity as well. Their role and importance changed from time to time. The physical relation between the objects within the city and the city was far from constant. In the most cases the royal objects expanded at the expense of the city’s territory, but it was not rare that the royal objects faded away or merged into the city. ENIKŐ SPEKNER Beginnings of the Emergence of Buda as a Royal Centre in the First Half of the 13th Century Already in the early Árpád era, in the age when the royal residences were constantly traveling, easily approachable centres emerged in the central part of the country, in the medium regni, where the monarch and his court spent one part of the year. In the central region constituted a triangle, emerged centres for instance (by a chronological order of their emergence) Esztergom, Fehérvár founded by Stephen 1, Buda around the turn of the 12-13"1 century and Visegrád during the second decade of the 14lh century. In the Middle Ages those centres not just followed each other in the role of residency, but with some kind of change in their functions existed at same time and performed jointly as ecclesiastical and governmental centres. While, the central castle of the House Árpád, Esztergom became the residency of the Archbishop of Esztergom the head of the Hungarian Church; Fehérvár turned to be the sacred place of coronation and royal funerals; from the 13,h century the leading function in the field of government and justice transposed gradually to Buda. Buda, as it was called in that time but later its name was changed for Óbuda, possessed very good environmental advantages, for instance it was situated where lowlands met the mountains and trade routes crossed each other, close to the Danube, along the crossing-places of the Danube. Thanks to the said benefits Buda started to close up to the royal residences relatively late, just in the end of the 12th century. In the royal estate of Buda which was extended from the haven of Megyer to the Castle Hill of Buda, a complex of manors and royal chapels were emerged. That complex performed as a bridge between the formal residences: Esztergom and Fehérvár. Among those manors one which is situated in Óbuda is one of the most outstanding buildings, because supposedly King Orseolo Peter around 1040 founded a notable ecclesiastic institution there. Namely that was the second collegiate church (capitulum collegiale) in that country after Fehérvár. The building complex of the provostship of Buda was built behind the walls of the late Roman Aquincum fortress. It may have included that
