Urbs - Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv 12. (Budapest, 2017)
Recenziók
Abstracts 427 bányatelep, Cassian-telep, Ullmann-telep, Újhegy, Meszes). These settlements were only loosely connected with the life of the city, because of the foreign mother tongue and different mentality of the miners. In the spirit of the “from the cradle to the grave” social welfare, by 1944 the company had 2335 flats and several food stores, churches, schools, sports fields, cultural centres, a hospital and a cemetery. The buildings of the DGT differed from their Austrian buildings, they were adapted to the local circumstances and at the same time they were more up-to-date and built in a more modern style. Nowadays these buildings became a major problem for a segregated district of the city. Péter Nagy Mining sites outside the villages - Miners’ colonies around Ózd from the middle of the 19th century until the nationalization Metallurgy and coal-mining, which supplied it with raw materials, started in the Ózd region in the middle of the 19th century. It significantly changed the image of those settlements, where the mining extraction started. At first the Ózd plant and the connected mines belonged to the Gömöri Ironworks Association, then to the Rimamurányvölgyi Ironworks Association and from 1881 to the Rimamurány-Salgótarjáni Ironworks Pic. (also known as Rima, RMST) and constituted integral parts of the unit. After the exploration of the coal mines, from the middle of the 19th century, new settlers arrived from distant regions, who had worked in mines before. New settlements were built for the miners, which were within the administrative boundaries of the villages near the mines but were almost separated. Although the new residential areas near the mines (Karu, Bánszállás, Vajács, Somsály, Farkaslyuk) were situated within the administrative boundaries of existing villages (Ózd, Sajóvárkony, Járdánháza, Hódoscsépány), they formed colonies within the settlements. The building of colonies closely followed the changes in mining. When the first mines were opened, the building of the colonies started and as the economic significance of the deposits shifted, the inhabitants of the mining colonies often moved from one colony to another. The dwellers from the nearby villages also started to work in the mining industry but at first as semi-skilled or unskilled workers, thus significant social differences emerged between the immigrants and the “original inhabitants”. To some extent, the mining industry provided opportunities for mobility for the villagers. However, the social position and the mentality of the rural population - who were mainly miners, metalworkers and peasants - was different from that of the inhabitants of the colonies. The presence of the big company, which had huge influence over the region, affected not only the work opportunities and the building of colonies but also the development of infrastructure and the everyday life. New food stores, educational institutions, associations, public baths were opened, which belonged to the Rima. The development of the villages and the surrounding settle-
