Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 18. Budapest, 1983)

TAXONOMICAL ANALYSIS 1. Analysis of primary taxonomical characteristics The purpose of my examination is to separate Europoid and Mongoloid components. It was possible to analyse 15 male and 12 female skulls (Tables 8, 9). Nasomaiar angle (Martin 77) values of both sexes, in case of individual data as well as in that of averages, are of Europoid character. On the skull of 1 male (Grave No. 119) I have obtained data similar to the mean value of Europoid and Mongoloid group averages (142. 9). Zygomaxillar angle (ZM) values indicate 2 females (Graves Nos. 46, 79) to be intermediary between Europoids and Mongoloids. The data of all other individuals and the averages are of Europoid character. Dacryal subtense (DS) value of 1 male (Grave No. 43) is close to the group average of Europoids and Mongoloids. The DS values of the other males - and as a consequence the average as well - is similar to that of Europoids. The data of the majority of females and because of these the average as well approach the mean value of the group averages of Europoids and Mongoloids. The female skull from Grave No. 59 is closer to the Mongoloids. Simotical sub tense (SS) value of the female skull from Grave No. 46 indicates an apparent Mongoloid effect (2.0), while the female skulls of Grave Nos. 119, 125 are approaching the mean value of group averages. Males - and as far as averages are concerned females too - are similar to Europoids. Dacryal index (ID) value of the female skull of Grave No. 112 almost coincides with the average of Mongoloids (39. 6), and that of the female skull of Grave No. 59 tends towards it (43. 9). The majority of values of females and also the average are close to the mean value of Europoid and Mongoloid group averages. The males are of Europoid character. Simotical index (IS) values of males are similar to those of Europoids. The value obtained on the female skull of Grave No. 46 is even lower than the average of Mongoloids (28. 6), what comes from the low value of simotical subtense (2. 0). Otherwise the females occupy a position between Europoids and Mongoloids. Nasalspine angle (Martin 75|) averages of males and females are both similar to those of Europoids. On 1 female skull (Grave No. 92) and on 3 male skulls (Grave Nos. 94, 98, 111) I found data similar to the mean value of Europoids' and Mongoloids' group averages. Index of incisure maxillo-malare (IMMS: IMMC) can be calculated from the length and depth of maxillo-malare (TÔTH 1962). It is a well-known fact that Mongoloids are characterized by longer and shallower dimensions. In our cemetery the averages of males as well as those of females reflect a Europoid character. However, I have data approaching those of Mongoloids on 4 male skulls (Grave Nos. 25, 49, 98, 111) and on 3 female skulls (Grave Nos. 46, 59, .79). Index of malar arc (S: C) examinations supplement the evaluation of primary taxonomical characteristics and the demonstration of Europoid and Mongoloid influences (TÓTH 1964, 1968). In our series the averages of males and females are both closely resembling the mean values of the averages of Europoids and Mongoloids. I have observed Mongoloid influence on the male skulls of Grave Nos. 20, 94, 98 and 117, but the values of the other primary taxonomical characteristics do not support it. The female skulls of Grave Nos. 73, 90, 92, 112 and 115 present Mongoloid characteristics, but here too no confirmation could be obtained. Fossa canina' s depth analysis results are unsuitable for race diagnostical determinations, however, it can supply useful data to achieve a more complete image of individuals and the cemetery as a whole (TOTH 1967). Fossa canina is of medium depth at both sexes according to the mean values, but this results from a wide range of varieties. This range is made up of values from the very shallow 1. 0 of the male skull of Grave No. 27 and of the female skull of Grave No. 112 to the very deep ones of the male skulls of Grave No. 107 (7. 8) and the female skull of Grave No. 80 (6. 7). Facial flatness index (IC) value (-2. 9) also confirms the cemetery's Europoid character. According to my results the Avar Period cemetery of Solymár is of Europoid character. However the two sexes show some differences. Almost no Mongoloid influence can be registered with the males: I have observed values similar to those of Europo-Mongoloids only in some cases of individual characteristics. Mongoloid components are clearly present on the female skulls of Grave Nos. 46, 59, and 119 in no less than 3 characteristics. The averages of females are also often close to those of Europo-Mongoloids.