Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 18. Budapest, 1983)
2. Analysis of secondary taxonomical characteristics I have executed morphotaxonomical examinations on 30 skulls, of 19 males and 11 females. I took into consideration the stature values calculated by the method of BREITINGER (1938) and BACH (1965) (Table 10). I pass over the characterization of taxa as these can be found in two editions of the university handbook of LIPTÂK (1969, 1980). The ratio of Cromagnoids is the greatest, 33.3%, within the Europoid great race; altogether 10 individuals (8 males and 2 females). The males of Grave Nos. 49, 98 and the females of Grave No. 80 carry crA characteristics. These characteristics are mixed with an undetermined group on 4 male skulls (Grave Nos. 71, 89, 107, 117) (crA-x). The Brachycran skulled male individual of Grave No. 67 bears the characteristics of race crB. These occur mixed with other features on the male skull of Grave No. 94 and on the female skull of Grave No. 115 (crB-x). The Mediterranean group is represented by 6 males and 1 female. Gracile Mediterranean type (mi) characteristics can be clearly identified on 3 males (Grave Nos. 27, 96, 130) and these characteristics can be seen mixed with unidentified elements on the female skull of Grave No. 92 (m-x). The Atlanto-Mediterranearviype is represented by the male of Grave No. 78 (am) and by the male of Grave No. 114 (am-x). The features of the Eastern-Mediterranean type occur mixed with other features (i-x) on the male skull of Grave No. 111. The number of individuals belonging to the Brachycran group is low, only 3 males. The male of Grave No. 65 carries the characteristics of the Pamirian race (p), the male of Grave No. 20 bears those of the Dinarian (d) race. Dinarian characteristics are combined with othei features on the skull of Grave No. 43 (d-x). There are surprisingly few Nordoid skulls within our series, in spite of the great number of Dolicho- and Hyperdolichocrans. However, dolichocephaly is coupled, with low or wide faces - especially in the females. We can find Nordoid features on the male skull of Grave No. 25 within the Europids (n). The male skull of Grave No. 102 and the female skull of Grave No. 82 also present a similar characteristic, but their Chamaecran character is so strongly marked that the two should be classified into a separate group (cham-eur). Type analysis of females was more difficult than usual. As I pointed it out at the analysis of primary taxonomical characteristics. Mongoloid and Europo-Mongoloid features occur on some skulls. Because of it I found it necessary to establish a Europo-Mongoloid group within the Table. On the female skull of Grave No. 46 the features of the Saianic type can be seen beside the Europid features (eu-sa), (otherwise chamaecranic, mesocranic) . The characteristics of the Sinid race are mingled with Europid features (eu-si) on the female skull of Grave No. 79. Mongoloid influence can be seen beside typical Nordoid features on the female skull No. 125 (n-x/moid). In three cases (Graves Nos. 59, 73, 1 12) Gracile Mediterranean race characteristics are implanted by Mongoloid features (m/moid). One of these (Grave No. 59) is Hyperchamaecranic. Several Europid types are present mingled with Mongoloid influence on the female skull of Grave No. 119 (eu-moid). Summing up the above it can be stated that the anthropological material of the Avar Period cemetery of Solymár is of Europid character in the overwhelming majority of cases. However, Mongoloid influence is detected in 63.6% (7 individuals) of the females analysed. The sequence of main race components relating the cemetery as a whole reflects the anthropological characteristics of males. Cromagnoids are present in the largest number, they are followed by Mediterraneans and Brachycrans. On this basis our series is heterogeneous. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS I have drawn 13 Avar Period series into the comparative analysis carried out by several methods. The selection of series was principally dictated by their geographic locations These cemeteries were used between the 6th and 8th centuries. Not all the series could be analysed by all methods because of the lack of data and the lack of the necessary number of cases.
