Szabolcs-Szatmár-Beregi levéltári évkönyv 14. (Nyíregyháza, 2000)

Rezümék (angol, német)

ÁKOS EGYED Bem and the Székelys In September 1848 counter-revolutionary armed forces were organized in Transylvania, threatening Hungary with an attack from the rear. On 29 November 1848 Bern, a general of Polish nationality, was appointed the supreme commander of the Hungarian Army in Transylvania. Bern assigned Sándor Gál the task of organizing Székely military units. Gál set up several battalions from the ranks of the Székelys in a short time. The Székely Army, coming to the help of Bern, successfully engaged a Russian interventionist unit early in February, and joined the troops of the supreme commander early on 19 February 1849. At the end of February Bern liberated Beszterce in Northern Transylvania, and captured Nagyszeben on the 11th of March. Bern, in his successful campaigns, relied on the Székely soldiers, who excelled in the fighting. Petőfi also mentioned in his writings that the connection between „Uncle" Bem and the Székelys: a Székely soldier was brave and valiant if he had a leader who was even braver. Bern was such a commander. LÁSZLÓ BUKOVSZKY Local Government Elections in Nyitra County, 1848 The winds of change began to blow at the general assembly of the aristocracy of Nyitra County in the early 1840s. The delegates of Nyitra in the national assembly basically represented conservative ideas. One of them, Vice-Prefect Kázmér Tarnóczy, became known for his „contrarevolitionist" proposal in the parliament. As a result of Act 1848:XVI the congregation of the nobility was replaced by the assembly of the permanent committee of the people's representatives in the administration of the county. This was not a problem-free process. A few days before the Committee was formally established on the 1st of May, two proclamations had been published: the council of Érsekújvár wished to call the attention of the general public to the „eight centuries of the oppression of the nobility," whereas the Népkör — a political organization in opposition with the government — recommended candidates to the attention of voters. The atmosphere of the preparatory meeting was tense. Members of the Népkör demonstrated against the aristocracy, and so many people turned up on the 1st of May that the statutory meeting had to move out to St. Marton Hill near the town. At the meeting the representatives supported by the oppositionist villages were elected into the new body of county administration, consisting of 711 members. The villages ignored — Vágsellye, Mocsonok and Ürmény — protested at the Ministry of the Interior. The Minister initiated an investigation and ordered that the assembly should be complemented with 55 new members from the villages whose representatives had originally been rejected. 9 % of the population of the county's electoral districts were eligible to participate in the parliamentary elections. During the process of voting scandals broke out at several places, and at Privigye and Vágvecse for example, the voting ended up in fights with casualties. The results of unlawful elections, were, however, abolished by the government commissioner, who called for new voting in three districts. The MPs of Nyitra County regularly attended the parliamentary sessions in Pest, but only four of them followed the national assembly when in moved to Debrecen.