Havassy Péter - Selmeczi László szerk.: Régészeti kutatások az M0 autópálya nyomvonalán 1. (BTM műhely 5/I. kötet Budapest, 1992)

CSONGRÁDINÉ BALOGH ÉVA: Szigetszentmiklós-Üdülősor korabronzkori telepének kőeszközvizsgálata

Investigation of lithic artifacts from the Early Bronze Age settlement of Szigetszentmiklós-Üdülősor ÉVA BALOGH, CSONGRÁDINÉ From the pits of Bell-Beaker culture settlement at Szigetszentmiklós-Üdülősor, 66 stone artifacts were counted after typological separation. In respect of raw material utilisation, the dominant variety is upper Triassic hornstone. 37.9% of lithic artifacts is made of this material. The same material was used for the bulk of the lithic industry by the people pf the Bell-Beaker culture on the settlement at Csepel-Hollandi út. In respect of typology, mainly unretouched, irregular, casually quadrangular and triangular flakes were made, as well as a bifacially worked ashouldered point with saw-like edge, which is also made of this material (Fig. 79. 6.). There are some quartzite pebbles used as hammerstones present (13.6%) with raw materials of more distant origin (limnic quartzite from the Southern Tokaj, 10.6%), different types of radiolarite (Szentgál tape and Carpathian radiolarite, 9.1%), andésite coming probably from the Börzsöny (4.5%), Carpathian 1 (Slovakian) obsidian (3%), sandstone (3%), greenschist (3%), as well as some Jurassic Cracow flint (1.5%), chalcedony of Szurdokpüspöki (1.5%), shale (1.5%), lydite (1.5%), limestone (1.5) and other materials which are not defined macroscopically (6.1%). From the typological point of view the most remarkable item within the stone artifacts of Szigetszentmiklós is the bifacially worked projectile point, the wrist protecting plate and the knife with saw-like edge. The saw-knives with bifacial working known from CsepelHollandi út are missing from the assembalge. The specimen found at Szigetszentmiklós is made of Jurassic Cracow flint and is representing another type with very elaborate workmanship (Fig. 77. 3.). The type and raw material of this piece indicates northern contacts. The projectile point is indented at the base and formed by bifacial retouch. This is a well-known type of the Bell-Beaker Culture. The raw material of this piece is Carpathian Radiolarite, but it can also come fromt the Gerecse Mts. Similar items were published from graves and settlement of the Bell-Beaker Culture from the Csepel-Hollandi út settlement and graves and as a persistent form, it is also present in the Nagyrév culture as well. The wrist protecting plate (Fig. 79. 1 0.) is also a widely distributed type of the Bell-Beaker Culture. It is present in Hungary in the cemeteries of this complex (Békásmegyer, Csepel, Tököl, Szigetszentmiklós-Vízcsóárok) from cremation graves as well as from skeleton burials. Together with the afore mentioned projectiles, these are registered as relics of hunting with a bow. The stone-working technique encountered in the Csepel-group of Hungarian Bell - Beaker Culture is typical of the Circum-Carpathian Epi-Corded Complex (C. E. C. C.) of the Early Bronze Age. The tools were made on flakes, sometimes on small bulky blades with nomerous irregular quadrangular or triangular flakes, bifacial tools, projectiles, protective plates and other general forms used in the Early Bronze Age. On the site of Szigetszentmiklós-üdülősor, the modest lithic industry assigned the material to the Csepel group of Bell-Beaker Culture, parallel to the Carpathian EpiCorded Complex. In spite of the lack of bifacial sawknives, stone working, typology and raw material relates this site to the material of Csepel-Hollandi út. List of figures (Anna Endrődi) Fig. 74. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 75. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 76. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 77. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 78. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 79. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement. Fig. 80. Stone artifacts from the pits of the settlement.