Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 16. Budapest, 1979)

Brachycranial group. The Alpine type is represented by one female and one male skulls. Mongoloid influence can be observed in the female one. The Pamirian type is represented by the male cranium of grave 1 (Inv. number 10.588) (p-x). There are two female skulls of the undeterminable brachycranial group. Grave 15 (Inv. number 10. 596) (br-cr) and grave 75 (Inv. number 10.624) (br-m). On the cranium of grave 75 Mongoloid influence is also perceptible. Summing up the results of taxonomical analysis, it may be stated that the majority of the skulls belongs to the brachycranial group (41.7 %). The Mediterranean group occurs less frequently (25 %). The fewest skulls are of the Cromagnoid and Nordoid group (16. 7 %). The frequency order of types is the same as above in the female group but it shows some differences in the male group. Namely, the frequency of the Brachycranial and the Mediterranean groups is equal among the males. However, the above-outlined results may be related to the whole population only very carefully because the cemetery is not completely opened up and the existing craniological material is badly preserved. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS In comparing the anthropological material of our cemetery, we used several meth^ ods. RESULTS OF THE TAXONOMICAL ANALYSIS Our cemetery is different from the cemeteries of the Great Hungarian Plain and those of Northern Hungary as to the occurrence order of the individual taxa. The same can be stated as regards the share of the Transdanubian series. Lotterhof (1975) separated two different parts on the basis of type differences'in the course of her examinations in Transdanubia. One of them comprises the environs of Veszprém and Székesfehérvár and the other the rest of Transdanubia. The cemetery of Esztergom can rather be classified into the first part. In the cemeteries of Veszprém Europo-brachycranic elements are dominant. These are considered to be the Conquering Hungarians and their descendents (Acsádi-Nemeskéri 1957). The population of Székesfehérvár is rather mesocranic (Acsádi-Nemeskéri 1959). The order of type-elements in the cemeteries of Oroszvár and Mosonmagyaróvár (Bottyán 1972, 1973) is also different from that of our cemetery. The taxonomical characteristics of the cemetery of Fiad-Kérpuszta are similar to ours even if the order and the weight of the types show some differences (Lipták 1953). However, the fact that taxonomical analysis was only possible on a small number of skulls warns us to be cautions about the estimation of our results. THE RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATIONS CARRIED OUT BY PENROSE' s METHOD Penrose' s method (1954) has provided opportunity for the simultaneous analysis of several characteristics. We made our examinations by taking 12 measures (Martin 1, 5, 8, 9, 17, 40, 45, 48, 51, 52, 54, 55). (When authors did not publish the averages of measures, we did the necessary calculations; the juvenile age-group was left out of consideration). We included in our examinations the cemeteries of the Arpadian age as well as those which were used during this period (except the cemeteries of Helemba-Sziget and Zenta-Paphalom). We made every effort to work with a case number of ten or more (7 male and 4 female series would not satisfy this condition) because the reliability of the method is also influenced by the case number. We made the comparison on 34 male and 29 female series (Tables 11 and 12).