Vízügyi Közlemények, 2004 (86. évfolyam)
1-2. füzet - Kalmár Elena-Mika János-Schirokné Kriston Ilona-Schlanger Vera-Szentimrey Tamás-Bella Szabolcs-Wantuchné Dobi Ildikó: A 2003. év időjárása a XX. század hazai tendenciáinak tükrében
A 2003. év időjárása a XX. század hazai tendenciáinak tükrében 143 and marine instrumental records. In Trends: A Compandium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U. S. A. 2000. Szalai S.-Bella Sz.: Milyen volt a 2003-as aszály? Vízügy i Közlemények 2004. évi 1-2. fiizet Szentimrey, T.: „Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization", Proceedings of the Second Seminar for Homogenization of Surface Climatological Data. Budapest, Hungary; WMO, WCDMP-No. 1999. Wigley. T.M.L.-S.C.B. Raper-S. Smith-M. Hulme: The MAGICC/SCENGEN Climate Scenario Generator: Version 2.4: Techn. Manual, Climatic Res. Unit, UEA, Norwich, 2000. * * * YEAR 2003 WEATHER IN HUNGARY WITH RESPECT TO TENDENCIES OF THE 20™ CENTURY In Hungary, the year 2003 was somewhat warmer, much drier and more sunny than the average. Extremities occurred in all seasons, some of them survived for unexpectedly long time. Nation-wide semi-annual total of precipitation, computed from March to August, and also the four-monthly average of temperature, between May and August, were the absolute lowest and absolute highest on record since 1901, respectively. Illustrations indicate nation-wide behaviour, due to the limited space allowed, spatial details are somewhat reflected in case of the extremities, only. Precipitation and temperature, that determines évapotranspiration, are described in more details. Nation-wide averages of sunshine duration and relative humidity are also displayed, without chronological description along the year. The study also deals with the question whether there is a relationship between these anomalies and global climate change. Absolute and relative behaviour of monthly precipitation compared to the 1961-1990 reference period is presented (Figs. 1 and 2), indicating that area of Hungary experienced less than the average precipitation in majority of the months. The annual total performed as less than 80% of it, i.e. 100 mm deficit occurred. Similar comparison of temperatures (Fig. 3) indicate below-normal values in the first four months, with a -5 °C anomaly in February, whereas the May-August period was the warmest on record (+3 °C anomaly). This steep transition caused the „no spring, this year" feeling, with 25 °C increase between February and May, instead of 15 °C, as normal. (Fig. 4) Monthly anomalies of sunshine duration and relative humidity (Figs. 5 and 6), high and low, respectively, also contributed to the dry and warm feature of the warmer half-year in 2003. Diurnal and annual extremes (Tab. 1) just partly corresponded to the general picture of the year. Temperature threshold-days occurred more frequently in both directions, according to the cold winter and warm summer, but the 177 mm/day precipitation income in a particular day at a particular site could be a contradiction to the dry summer, at the first sight. The above mentioned record-breaking six- and four-monthly anomalies (Figs. 7 and 8) are much stronger than the corresponding tendencies of the 20 t h century.
