Vízügyi Közlemények, 1970 (52. évfolyam)

4. füzet - Rövidebb közlemények és beszámolók

(31) irrigation water, or the element supplying water to the plot, which must be dimensioned for a given capacity. In the case of main intakes the water demand of plants contemplated for growing on the irrigated area and the size of cultures are taken into consideration separately. When estimating the period of irrigation, in the case of irrigation systems the time between the beginning of the first application of water to the crop and the end of the last one should be taken into consideration, whereas in the case of irrigation fields, the time from the first irrigation on individual crop types to the end thereof. When dimensioning conveyance and distribution structures, supply according to demand, dimensioning for constant discharge and provisions for periodic, or scheduled operations are the considerations to be remembered. In the case of supply according to demand, the crop having the greatest demand should be adopted as critical. For dimensioning in the case of constant discharge and periodic operation formulae are presented by which the supply of irrigation water can be estimated. For determining the conveyance capacity of the element Supplying water to the plots in the case of Surface irrigation, the plant having the greatest demand contemplated for the plot and an operation time of 4 to 6 days, whereas in the case of sprinkling irrigation with a permanent pipeline the magnitude of the discharge unit should be taken into consideration. Chapter III. Where the magnitude of the available supply, or the capacity of irrigation equipment are fixed in advance, as in the case of portable Sprinkler equipment, irrigation from wells, or from reservoirs, the size of the irrigated area Should be adjusted to existing conditions. Formulae are presented to relate the size of the irrigated fields, the number of wells and the size of fields to which water must be applied, assuming regular irrigation with portable sprinkler equipment, further for determining the area which can be irrigated from a reservoir, allowing also for the annual, or seasonal, daily, or weekly character of storage offered by the reservoir. The first step in the designing of irrigation structures is the coordination of irrigation- and operation area units in the area where irrigation is contemplated. In the case of unlimited supplies the capacity of plant growing, whereas in the case of limited supplies the area to be irrigated and the combination of crops should be selected accordingly. A STUDY OF WATER DEMANDS IN HUNGARY By M. Deli], Mrs. Dávid and M. Dombi, Mrs. Kovács (For the Hungarian text see pp. 219) The objective of the present brief contribution is to reflect on the paper by W. Lászlóffy "The water management aspects of urbanization", published in No. 4, 1969 of this Journal. In connection with the process of urbanization the author has Stated the growth of water demand to be one of the most important consequences for water management of this process. In view of the fundamental Significance of forecasting changes in domestic and industrial water consumption the writers have prepared a Survey, encompassing water demands in Hungary for 5 different groups of towns, including 22 typical Settlements. The results obtained during the evaluation of results according to different points of view may complete Chapter 2 "Changes in the waterdemands of towns" in the paper quoted above, and it is for this reason that the writers believe it of interest to contribute the subsequent analysis. The attractive influence of towns is due to the circumstance that, parallel to the development of productive powers, the proportions in the occupation of the active population (i. е., the proportion of the population of various countries that participate in their economic life) are changed, or shifted. It will be perceived from Fig. 1 that in different future imagined stages of development, denoted by the 10 Vízügyi Közlemények