Vízügyi Közlemények, Kivonatok, 1965

Dégen Imre: Az 1965. évi dunai árvíz és árvízvédelmünk fejlődése

(42) taries. The length of levees along the Danube between river stations 1650 and 1708 km is 81 km, while along the tributaries 391 km. The total area protected is 225.000 hectares. Concerning the flood wave it should suffice to mention with reference to Table I and Fig. 3 that although peak stages above Dunaremete remained below maxima on record, their duration was unparallelled so far. Below Dunaremete both stages and duration surpassed previous records. Chapter 1 deals with flood control operations in the Szigetköz region (Fig. 1.) which is enclosed by the M о son-Danube arm — controlled by headworks — and the main Danube stream, on the right-hand side of the latter. The subsoil under the area consists down to depths varying between 100 and 200 metres of permeable sandy gravel overlain by a serni permeable top cover, the thickness of which varies from 0.5 to a few metres. Flood levees were built on this top cover (Fig. 2). Consequently the main, concern of flood control operations over the entire length was to ensure the stability of the top cover. Flood control consisted partly of providing support to the toe of the levee on the protected side, and partly of controlling properly boils in lower areas. Small boils formed by hundreds along the levee and control measures consisted of counter-head basins realized by sand-bag sublevees (Fig. 6) at places where no permanent sublevees (Fig. 5) have been built previously. Control operations over the reach between the Moson-Danube and the mouth of the Ipoly Rivel are described in Chapter 2. Over lengths between high banks, low areas are protected by flood levees. In the region of Komárom protection of the railway line (Fig. 7), prevention of inundations along the lower sections of creeks and the protection of the Budapest

—Vienna highway (Fig. 8) required major operations. Experiences gained during the flood are summarized in Chapter 3. The behaviour of levees strengthened on the protected side by a gravel berm (for ensuring the stability of the levee body) and the role of the sublevee system forming on the landside a row of counterhead-basin (for insuring the stability of the levee subsoil) are discussed. 3.3 FLOOD CONTROL OVER THE DANUBE REACH AROUND BUDAPEST By F. Benkovits and Gy. Törőcsik Civ. Engrs. (For the Hungarian text see pp. 181) The lines along which flood control forms the responsibility of the Central Danube Valley District Water Authority extend on the left-hand side of the Danube from the mouth of the Ipoly River to Dunaföldvár and on the right-hand side from the mouth of the Ipoly River to the middle of Csepel island located to the south of Budapest. The levees have a total length of 212 km between river stations 1708 and 1560 km. The aggregate area protected is 89.000 hectares large (Fig. 1). Along the main