Vízügyi Közlemények, 1964 (46. évfolyam)

4. füzet - IV. Perényi Károly: Héjcsatornák az öntözésben

(26) lyse la question de la désinfection et les problèmes du goût et de l'odeur, enfin le chapitre V est consacré à l'automation et à la sécurité des exploitations. Dans l'avenir la production de l'eau en quantité et avec la qualité voulues deviendra une tâche de plus en plus difficile et onéreuse et l'exploitation des ouvrages de prise et de captage de l'eau réalisés sur la base d'études hydrologiques approfondies exige une compétence considérable. Le dosage de'matières chimiques et les diverses phases de l'exploitation doivent être revisés régulièrement suivant le résultat des examens. Tout cela fournit les motifs pour concentrer les petits services de distribution d'eau et de centraliser leur exploitation. Ainsi les ouvrages de prise et de captage qui produisent l'eau en tant que matière première et les installation de traitement, qui lui assurent la qualité voulue, ne peuvent pas se classer parmi les organismes de prestations de services, mais parmi les exploitations productrices, tout autant que les centrales électriques assurant la distribution de l'énergie électrique.

1 Sur la base de cette analogie les aqueducs conduisant l'eau vers certaines régions de grande étendue n'apartiennent pas non plus à la catégorie des entreprises de prestations, mais comme les lignes de haute tension font partie des centrales électriques, ils apartiennent aux établissements <3e production de l'eau. CONSTRUCTION AND PRODUCTION COSTS OF MUNICIPAL WATER WORKS AND SEWAGE TREATMENT By J. Szakváry, Civ. Eng. (For the Hungarian text see pp. 127) The 63 towns in Hungary are inhabited by 4 174 000 people, of whom round 3 million are supplied from 48 municipal water works. Depending on the character of the towns the following types may be distinguished: socialist towns where the Jlats built are almost without exception self-contained (95 per cent served by public utilities), older towns where a large number of flats is semi-self-contained (80 — 90 per cent served by public utilities), rapidly developing industrial and cultural centers (74 per cent of the flats served by public utilities), and finally the agrarian towns in the Plains, where district water supply predominates. Average and peak water quotas expressed in litre (day) capita units are given for the four above types in columns 1 to 4 of Table II. Conditions are truly reflected by the percentage distribution of items of total fixed investment in individual municipal water works among (a) water producing, (b) water conveying, (c) water storing, (d) water treatment, (e) district head booster, and (f) plant operation facilities. For illustrating the relationships the distribution of items of total fixed investment is shown in Table II for the water works of the capital and 19 major towns. The percentage distribution of the total fixed investment in 20 water works, valued at round 20 thousand million Ft, and given in Table II, is represented graphically in Fig. 1. Data for municipal water works with favourable and unfavourable supply conditions are given in the upper and lower rows, respectively, of Fig. 2. where (a) is the percentage share of the water producing facilities, (b) the specific cost of water production in Ft/cu.m, and (

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) the specific power consumption in kWh/cu.m. As will be seen therefrom in towns with several scattered drilled wells, with manga nese and iron extraction equipment, the specific cost of water production and the specific power consumption are almost twice as high as in municipal water works operating under more favourable conditions. From the average of 808 thousand cu. m water produced by 20 municipal water works 7,9 per cent are surface water, 75,0 per cent subsurface water, 11,5 per cent deep artesian water and 5,6 per cent karstic water. In the near and more distant future surface resources must be exploited to an increasing extent. The length of the supply netw

Tork operated at the end of 1962 at the 20 municipal water works already referred to, is round 4800 km, the various pipe materials of which are shown in Table IV, while the construction costs according to pipe diameter are given in Table V.