Vízügyi Közlemények, 1948 (30. évfolyam)

2. szám - VII. Szakirodalom

(47) Annual energy production is given in Formula 3 where q

t means discharge for the corresponding t period, qt is the variable daily discharge and F represents the section of the discharge duration diagramm cut into two at the q

t level. For practical determination of E

5

0 values Formula 6 is used, where the approximation is for the sake of reliability, too. For the river stretches along the frontier only half of the capacity or rather half of the energy production has been calculated. According to data listed in Table II Hungary's potential water-power resources

, computed on the basis of discharges of 50 per cent duration, may be characterized with a capacity of 980,000 kW, or with an annual energy of 7,2 billion kWh. The highly characteristic hydrographical quotient: E^IE^ is 1,67 for the Danube and 2,85 for the Tisza. 4. Neglecting the non-utilizable stretches furthermore the losses of heads and those in energy conversion, out of Hungary's potential water-power computed with regard to </50. according to the present state of science, some 2 billion kWh can be utilized, technically. Figure 5 shows that, supposing a head of 6,20 m on the Danube-stretch south of Budapest, with the q

5

0 — 2200 m

3/sec discharge, an annual total of 400 million kWh could be generated by a power station of 57.000 kW capacity. At this moment neither a) the site of the installation and b) the degree of damming, nor с

) the decisive discharge are definitely determined. Figure G shows annual producible energy in function of b) and c)

. In connection with the Hungarian Lowlands Irrigation Project on the Tisza river, the construction of 4 dams is being planned where the hydro-energy with 5—6,50 m heads would be utilized. The 6,75 m head in Figure 7, in case of a q

M = 600 in

3/sec, would give 76 million kWh annually. In Figure 8 producible annual energy of the Szeged power station on the Tisza is shown in function of the decisive discharge and of the head (both with and without the water required for irrigation). Figure 9 gives the energy production of the Tiszalök project in a year like 1931 which might be regarded as an average one. In Table III some data of major importance for favourable water-power possibilities in this country are listed as advised for construction in the course of the 10 years plan. This plan aims at an annual production of 500 million kWh. Adding to this figure the production of plants to be constructed later, we come to the conclusion that a total of round 1 billion kWh could be generated economically on the streams of Hungary. 5. Informations about the hitherto completed hydro-electric plants of Hungary (over 100 kW) can be gained from Table IV. Annual energy production of these plants ranges from 30 to 40 million kWh which energy is hardly sufficient to cover 2 per cent of the present needs of this country. 6. According to Table V the specific potential water-power resources of Hungary amount to 5,45 kW/'km

2. This figure is 50 per cent above the average computed for the whole of the globe, however, the 56 kW per 1000 inhabitants in Hungary are unfortunately far below the worlds average of 230 kW or Europe's average of 104 kW/1000 persons' 7. In the literature listed at the end of this study we should like to call the attention of foreign readers especially to thé essays under Nos. 14, 17 and 20. LES FORCES HYDRAULIQUES DE LA HONGRIE. Par E. MOSONYI. (Figures et tableaux voir pp. 160 à 187 de la partie hongroise.) j D. C. 620.9 (439.1) I. La besoin en énergie allant toujours en s'accroissant dans toutes les parties du monde, attire, partout et de plus en plus, l'attention sur l'exploitation des forces hydrauliques. L'auteur vérifie ce fait en citant l'exemple de l'U. R. S. S., des États Unis, de la Grande Bretagne, la France, la Suède et la Suisse et démontre que l'utilisation des faibles chutes, méprisées auparavant, revêt à l'heure actuelle un rôle important.