Vízügyi Közlemények, 1935 (17. évfolyam)

Kivonatok, mellékletek - Kivonat a 4. számhoz

23 springtime comes primarily into account. The water is carried in the Algyő canal to a pumping plant of 1-0 cu. metre capacity, placed at the north-east corner of the pond, whence it is lifted by pumping into the basin. Five Artesian wells with a total discharge of 6000 litres per minute serve to supply the winter basins, and also to replace the loss of evaporation in summer to a certain extent. This water is employed after cooling in special basins (fig. 10). Before the general fishing in autumn begins, the basins are drained partly through the Algyő canal, partly through other drainage canals. The alkali soil of the pond bottom has proved good for pisciculture. In ordinary conditions the natural production is 150—160 kg of caip flesh per hectare. The construction costs of the fish-ponds amounted to 430,000 pengő ; their operation not only brings in the interest of the capital invested, but also secures a considerable income from an area otherwise unproductive. The most important benefit to be expected is that valuable data will be obtained as to utilisation of alkali soils : these cover 500,000 hectares in the Hungarian Great Plains. IV. PROBLEMS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING IN RUSSIA. By A. VAJDA. (Pages 640—682.) The great demands made by economic life in Russia for the transport of bulky goods, can be satisfied only by an effective system of waterways. In the centre of these problems of traffic stands the connection of the Volga with the other river systems of European, and partly of Asian Russia. Such a communication with the Baltic Sea through the Marien-system has been in existence for more than a hundred years, but it now requires to be reconstructed in accordance with new requirements, and this will soon be effected. Another important problem — a connection between the Caspian and the Black Sea — has to be solved by constructing either the Volga-Don, or the Manitch canal. As the cataracts of the Dniepr have already been overcome by constructing the well known great dam, it will be necessary only to connect the Volga and the Don for the oil the Caspian district, the wood of the Volga

—Kama forests, the potassium salts of the Kama district, the coal of the Donetz basin — to mention only the most important products •— to reach the consumer by waterway. 'The connection between Moscow and the upper and middle Volga, becoming more and more necessary, is under construction. This 120 — kilometre canal, with the pumping stations destined to increase the discharge of the Moscow river, will probably be put into operation in 1936. By this project the problem of the water supply of the Russian capital will also be solved. Another problem which is important from the economic and political points of view, the connection of the Baltic Sea with the Arctic Ocean, the North Sea, and the ports of the White Sea, has been solved by constructing the Baltic and White Sea Canal. This waterway with a length of more than 200 kilometres, has 19 locks, mostly of the two-chamber kind ; the total fall to be overcome amounts