The Eighth Tribe, 1978 (5. évfolyam, 1-12. szám)
1978-10-01 / 10. szám
Page 10 THE EIGHTH TRIBE October, 1978 proliferation of new trades and occupations is especially evident when we compare eleventh and early thirteenth-century charters, such as those of the Ahbey of Tihany (1055) and the Abbey of Pécsvárad (13th c.). The latter document lists twenty-seven occupations, even though a number of the commonly practiced trades are not even included. The majority of the artisans listed were still only part-time artisans. Simultaneously they were also engaged in agriculture. But in light of their trade skills, they generally fulfilled their financial obligations to the king or to the landowners in th form of manufactured goods. (Domanovszky: Műv. tört., I, 213-246, 549-603.) Western Immigrants and Urbanization As opposed to these village artisans, the inhabitants of larger towns that began to form in the twelfth century became full-time artisans and tradesmen. A number of these, however, came from the ranks of various alien elements, whose influx continued unabated throughout the formative centuries of the medieval Hungarian kingdom. As has been pointed out earlier (Ch. IV), the conquering Magyars of the late ninth century had found considerable Slavic and even more Late-Avar or “Avar-Magyar"’ population in the Carpathian Basin. In the course of the next three centuries, in addition to mixing with the related Avar-Magyars, the conquerors absorbed most of the alien Slavs. Moreover, during the eleventh and the twelfth centuries, they were also gradually absorbing such related Turkic peoples as the Pecheniegs, the Cumans, the Uzes and others, who had followed them into their Danubian homeland. Their ranks were further increased by the evergrowing number of immigrants from Western Europe, including German, Frenchmen, Valoons, Flamands, as well as Lombardians from Northern Italy. In the meanwhile the Slavic influx also continued unabated, particularly into the northern highlands of Hungary. These newcomers took the place of those Slavs already absorbed by the Magyars, and remained there to become the ancestors of the present-day Slovaks. Many of the constant stream of immigrants came individually or in small trickles. Others, however, came in well-organized, large groups, led by professional settlers, called locators. Moreover, they came only after having secured special privileges from the Hungarian monarchs through the intermediary of the locators. The most notable among these 116 Coming Events:— HUNGARIAN PROTESTANT BALL — NEW YORK, N.Y. The Hungarian Protestant Scholarship Fund will sponsor the Nineteenth Annual Hungarian Protestant Ball on Friday evening at 8 o’clock, November 10, 1978 at the Grand Ballroom of Hotel Roosevelt, 45th St and Madison Ave. Admission $15.00, students $5.00. • • • PIANO RECITAL PITTSBURGH, PA. Judith Lajos, a prominent pianist from Hungary will give a solo concert on November 19, 1978 in the Music Hall of the Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, at 7:30 P. M. She was born in Budapest, graduated from Saint Margit Highschool and married right away. As a young wife she completed her piano studies first at the Music School of Budapest, then at the Music Academy with summa cum laude. Under the guidance of competent teachers, among them Mrs. Imre Stefániái, née Margit Lászlóffy, also Béla Siki and finally Péter Solymos, she made excellent progress so much so that she won the first prize of the Ferenc Liszt competition in 1948. She began her teaching career as a teacher in Székesfehérvár, later in the Music Conservatory of Szeged. Since 1960 she is teacher at one of the music schools in Budapest. She gave a number of concerts in Budapest as well as throughout Hungary, playing alone or with orchestra and was always received with great applause by enthusiastic listeners. On her programs we find names of the classical composers: Bach, Handel, Mozart, Beethoven, as well as those of the great romantic masters: Chopin, Schubert, Schumann, Brahms, Liszt. Besides the impressionist Debussy and Ravel, we also find the works of the newer generation of composers, such as Sostakovich, Hachaturyan, Bartók, Kodály and Ernő Dohnányi. The piano concertos of Dohnányi were particularly well received in Holland, where she gave a solo concert in 1974. Ernő Dohnánvi is one of her favorite composers. She gave a successful concert in Budapest in 1972 that was put together exclusively from Dohnányi’s works. Her critics agree that her play is characterized by brilliant tech-
