The Eighth Tribe, 1975 (2. évfolyam, 1-12. szám)

1975-12-01 / 12. szám

Page 4

THE EIGHTH TRIBE

December, 1975

Division, nor even of ASME, but it would be naive to ignore the value of these associations. Normally the nominating committee will meet in the Spring, preceeding the Summer Annual Meeting of ASME.

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Dr. István Tuba, the editor of this column, is particularly proud, because in 1963 Dr. Nadai’s success and encouragement, he himself selected plasticity of metals as his chosen field of research. Subsequently he was named manager of the Analytical Mechanics Research and Development at Westinghouse where Dr. Nadai used to work, and in 1968 as a result of his publications for the results of his research in the various technical journals, he was named the Outstanding Engineer of the year by ASME.

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In the name of all Hungarians, special thanks to Dr. Mike Manjoine of Westinghouse R.D. Center for accomplishing the establishment of the Nadai Award.

CATHOLIC HUNGARIANS’ SUNDAY 75th YEAR ANNIVERSARY

The Eighth Tribe salutes the Catholic Hungarians Sunday (a weekly newspaper) on its 75th Anniversary.

In 1900 the “Szent Erzsébet Hirnöke” changed its name to Hungarian Sunday, later on to Catholic Hungarians' Sunday. The ‘Szent Erzsébet Hirnöke was first published on October 24, 1894 in Cleveland, Ohio by Father Károly Böhm. He was sent to the U.S. by the primate of Hungary, Cardinal Kolos Vaszary with the urging of the Cardinal of Cleveland to take care of all the rapidly growing Hungarian Community’s Spiritual welfare around Cleveland. Father Böhm became the first Catholic Spiritual leader for the Hungarian Catholics. Almost in every Hungarian Catholic Church we find his name inscribed on a memorial tablet, for he became the organizer of many churches.

The Eighth Tribe wishes continued success to the present editors and ask God’s blessing on their efforts to serve our Hungarian Catholic brethren. Through them, all of us may benefit, for we are all members of one family.

THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES IS 150 YEARS OLD

Steven Bela Vardy, Ph.D. Duquesne University

On November 3, 1975, the Hungarians throughout the world have celebrated the 150th anniversary of the foundation of the most significant center of Hungarian learning and scientific research: The Hungarian Academy of Sciences. This institution was founded in 1825 with the modest goals of cultivating the Magyar language and history, and of spreading learning in the native tongue of the Hungarians. Since its foundation, however, the Hungarian Academy became the nation’s dominant center of learning, which — directly or indirectly —- controls most of the scholarly and scientific research in Hungary.

Although the Hungarian Academy was founded only 150 years ago, its foundation still preceded the establishment of most of the other European academies. Moreover, its roots really reach back almost five hundred years, to the period of the Hungarian Renaissance in the late fifteenth century. It was in 1497 that the first Hungarian Academy came into being under the name “The Danubian Scientific Society” (Sodalitas Litteraria Danubiana). Founded by the noted scholar Konrad Celtis (1459-1508), this first Hungarian Academy did not survive for long. The social and political turmolis of the early sixteenth century, and the subsequent Turkish occupation of much of Hungary (1526, 1541) soon brought it to an end.

While the Danubian Scientific Society died in the sixteenth century, the idea of a Hungarian Academy did not die. It was kept alive throughout the two centuries of death-and-life struggle against the Turks in the Southeast, and against the Habsburgs in the West. And with the coming of the more peaceful years of the eighteenth century, and the simultaneous re-kindling of the search for learning and scholarship, this idea was bound to take the form of a demand for the re-foundation of the Hungarian Academy.

The first signs of this demand appeared in the second half of the eighteenth century, in conjunction with the Hungarian linguistic and national revival movement that was led by György Bessenyey (1747-1811) and his disciples. As a result of this revival, between 1760 and 1825 several plans were drawn up for a new Hungarian Academy (e.g. P. Bod, G. Bessenyey and M. Révai). Moreover, a number of Hungarian intellectuals actually managed to