Sófalvi András - Visy Zsolt (szerk.): Tanulmányok a székelység középkori és fejedelemség kori történelméből - Énlaka konferenciák 3. (Énlaka - Székelyudvarhely, 2012)
Pozsony Ferenc: Néprajzi kutatások Orbaiszéken
Pozsony Ferenc NÉPRAJZI KUTATÁSOK ORBAISZÉKEN Ethnographical Researches in Orbai Region (Abstract) Until the recent past there was no urban centre of more or less importance in Orbai Region. In lack of major local education, scientific and museum workshops, this region - similarly to others - was characterized by the fact that mostly the scholars of the institutions located in the county’s administrative centre or at a greater distance were the ones to carry out fieldwork-type or archives research in the villages. Starting already at the end of the 19th century there were many ethnographers, historians, art-historians and linguists who visited the villages of the region. The first one to sum up the cultural heritage of Orbai Region was no other than Orbán Balázs. The most valuable surviving items of its material culture were collected by Cserey Jánosné Zathureczky Emilia, the founder of the Szekler National Museum. Vasady Nagy Gyula, the former instructor of the museum-founder and later on the director of the museum, carried out deliberate, systematic and methodical researches in the villages. At the turn of the 19th—20th centuries the region was visited by Huszka József, Malonyay Dezső, and Balázs Márton together with his students. As the bourgeois process started evolving quite early within the communities of the region, and the local folk culture did not erupt in colors in the second part of the 19th century, the researchers of the more distant ethnographical workshops (e.g. Bartók Béla and Kodály Zoltán) were quite clear in avoiding the region. In the interwar period, respectively in the „short Hungarian world” between 1940 and 1944 Roediger Lajos, Balogh Jolán, Entz Géza, Palotay Gertrud, Köpeczi Sebestyén József and Balassa Iván carried out some shorter research actions. Since then the results of the individual research of the scholars mentioned above have been published in several articles and volumes. More systematic and methodological research on the villages of Orbai Region was carried out first of all by the staff of the Szekler National Museum (e.g. Vasady Nagy Gyula, Roediger Lajos, Gazda Klára, Székely Zoltán, Kakas Zoltán), respectively by the teachers (e.g. Konsza Samu and Albert Ernő) and pupils of the Szekler Mikó College. In the two decades following the system change from 1989, the young scholars of the Szekler National Museum (Szőcsné Gazda Enikő, Kinda István and Csáki Árpád), respectively the teachers, students and fellow researchers of the Hungarian Department of Ethnography and Anthropology of Babeş-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca were engaged in different interdisciplinary researches in the region. The coordination of these fieldwork and archive researches, the museum presentation and the publishing of the results was realized by the Csángó Ethnographical Museum from Zăbala. We believe that also in the future primarily the inter-institutional, interdisciplinary, aligned and systematic research would be able to produce up-to-date scientific results on the cultural heritage of the region. 274
