Századok – 2023

2023 / 1. szám - TÁRSADALMI, GAZDASÁGI KIHÍVÁSOK – NAGYVÁROSI VÁLASZOK - Pilkhoffer Mónika: A városszerkezet és városkép átalakulása Pécsett a két világháború között

PILKHOFFER MÓNIKA

THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE URBAN STRUCTURE AND OUTLOOK OF PÉCS

BETWEEN

THE TWO WORLD WARS

By Mónika

Pilkhoffer

SUMMARY

The paper explores the influence that the political and economic changes in the interwar period exerted on the architecture of Pécs.

The

key elements of the city’s progress in the interwar period were coal mining under the direction of the Danube Steamship Company, the relocation of the University of Sciences from Pressburg to Pécs,

and

an urban policy focussed on communalisation and social supply. The major public buildings (churches, schools, as well as the constructions connected to transport, health care and entertainment), the tenement buildings, the first garden districts (old garden district, Horthy garden

district), the villas in the Mecsek

and

the workers’ housing estates together resulted in a profound transformation of the city’s outlook. Despite all difficulties and new challenges, the systematic development of Pécs

began

in the interwar period, which manifested itself in the city’s modernisation (drainage, public transport), in its expansion in a north-south direction, the rationalisation of its spatial structure, and the revaluation of the Mecsek

area.

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