Századok – 2011

TANULMÁNYOK - Kruppa Tamás: Miksa főherceg erdélyi kormányzóságának terve. Az erdélyi Habsburg-kormányzat felállításának kérdéséhez (1597-1602) IV/817

MIKSA FŐHERCEG ERDÉLYI KORMÁNYZÓSÁGÁNAK TERVE 845 Náprági Demeter erdélyi püspök által kidolgozott elképzelés a rekatolizáció érdekében — a lutheránus kivételével megszüntette — volna az össze többi protestáns felekezetet, visszaállította, sőt újabbakkal gyarapította volna a jezsuita kollégiumok rendszerét, az országba pedig megbízható német telepeseket akart hozni. A Bocskai-felkelés azonban 1604 őszén véget vetett a fent említett terveknek. THE PLAN OF APPOINTING ARCHDUKE MAXIMILIAN AS GOVERNOR OF TRANSYLVANIA On the problem of establishing a Habsburg administration in Transylvania (1597-1602) by Tamás Kruppa (Summary) The plan to appoint archduke Maximilian of Habsburg as governor of Transylvania between 1598 and 1601 was part of the attempt on the part of the Habsburg administration of Prag to unite Transylvania as a province with those parts of the Hungarian Kingdom which had already been subjected to Habsburg rule. For the practical implementation of this plan no one seemed more suitable than a member of the dynasty itself. A great emphasis was put on the regular, legitimate character of the change of regime, and the legal continuity with the practice which had been established under the Hungarian kings was accordingly underlined. Yet all this only added fuel to the conflict which had long opposed archduke Maximilian of Habsburg and the emperor Rudolph II. For the emperor intended to designate Maximilian as his successor, and the first step towards this would have been the governorship of Transylvania. For his part, Maximilian was unwilling to enter the province without substantial material and military support, and, moreover, did not want to change his family inheritance for the vague prospects offered by Transylvania. Parallel to establishing the governorship of Transylvania went the process of surveying the revenues of the province, one of the most important among which was salt. For the administration of these revenues the Chamber of Transylvania was set up in 1598, and functioned until 1604. Modelled upon the Chamber of Szepes, this was an important measure to modernise the financial system of the country. Another important element of the prospective new order was the settlement of the religious question. In order to recatholicise the province, the conception elaborated by Demeter Náprági, bishop of Transylvania planned to suppress all the Protestant confessions with the only exception of the Lutheran, to reestablish and even enlarge the system of Jesuit colleges, and to invite trustworthy German settlers into Transylvania. However, the Bocskai uprising in the autumn of 1604 put an end to all these plans.