Századok – 1959

ÉVES TARTALOMJEGYZÉK - D. Nemes: Isztoricseszkoje Znacsenyije Vengerszkoj Szovjetszkoj Reszpubliki 193

PE3Í0ME fl. HEMEUI : HCTOPHMECKOE 3HAMEHHE BEHTEPCKOH COBETCKOÎÎ PECnYEJlHKM I. Β BeHrpiiH 31 οκτΗδρπ 1918 r. pa3birpajiacb 6yp»cya3H0-«eM0KpaTHHecKaH peBOJiroi;h5i, Β xofle KOTopoii B.iacTh nepeuuia β pyi<n jiH6epajibH0-c0niiaji-fleM0KpaTimecK0H Koajin-LIHH, Β ΚΟΤΟρΟΗ Β MCCHIUIX nOC.'IC peBOJIfOUHH npOHCXOflHJIH y»C8 BCe 60JlbU18 CABHrH β Hanpa-BJiGHHH 6yp>Kya3H0ft peaKUHH. 20 Ηοπδρπ 1918 r. ßbuia co3Aana KoMMyHiicraHecKaH napran BeHrpiiH, KOTopaa προτΗΒ 3amnTHHK0B 6yp>Kya3Horo οτροπ öopojiach 3a uejiH couHajiHcra-MecKOH peBOJirouHH, h KOTopan β ckopoM βρθμθηη 3aBoeBajia noAAepwKy UIHPOKHX paßoHiix Macc. Β Haiane 1919 r. napoA CTpaHbi CMOTpeji y>Ke Ha paöOHHH KJiacc, κοτορυίί eflHHCTBeHHbiii cyiweji ποκη33τβ bhxoa H3 Kpaxa, Bbi3BaHHoro 6yp>i<ya3HbiM roey^apCTBOM. Koraa ooanKpo-THBUieecH BO BHCIBHC- η BHyTpHnojiHTmeCKOM OTHOIUÊHHH npaBHTejibCTBO 21 MapTa 1919 r. nepe^ajio BJiacTb pafjOMCMV KJiaccy, coaHaji-AeMOKparaiecKaH H KOMMyHummecKaH riapTHii oö-beAHHHJiHCb Ha ripHHuiiiiHaJihHOH ocHOBe AHKTarypu npojiexapiiaTa. ΠροτΗΒ oö-befliiiiciiHbix CHJi paôOMero KJiacca 6yp>Kya3HH 0Ka3ajiacb iiecnoco6noH κ KaKOMV-HHÖyab conpoTHBJieHHio H TaKHM 0Öpa30M BCHrepCKHÍÍ paÖOMHH KJiaCC 3aXBaTIIJI BJiacTb 6e3 KpOBOnpOJIHTHJl, MHpHbIM NYTEM. CoBeTCican pecny6nnKa BCTynmia Β ÖOCBOÍÍ com3 npe>«ae ecero c COBCTCKOÍÍ PoccHefi. MOK^YNAPOAHUE OTKJIHKH COS/UIHIIH COBCTCKOÍÍ BJiacTH Β BEHRPHH 6WJIH MPE3BBMAFTH0 6ojib-ΠΙΗΜΗ. H3 COBeTCKOÍÍ POCCHH nOCTynHJIO MHOWeCTBO IipHBC'luB, HO CO CTOpOHbl paÖOMHX opra-HMsauHÜ KariHTa.'iHCTHqccKHx CTpaH nocjiajiii το>κε ucjibiii ρ hp. TaKHx πρΗΒετοΒ, κοτορωε 0Ka3ajiHCb npeaBCcriiHKaMH ΠΟΑΗΗΤΗΗ peBOJnouHOHHOÍi BOJIHH b UcHTpajibHOíí Eepone. KoMMyHHCTHMecKHíi HHTepHamioHajj το>κε np0B03rjiacHJi B033BaHiie Β nennx no«Aep>KKH BeHrepcKOfl COBCTCKOH pecnyßjiHKH. II. ΠΟΑΒΟΑΗ ΗΤΟΓΗ HCTopHHecKHX aeííCTBHH CoBeTCKOií pccnyő;iHKH cjieayeT rioaiep-KHBaTb, MTO ocyuiecTBJieniieM coiwajiHCTHHeCKOH peBOJHoqmi OHa noAWíJia CTpaHy A ο Bbicmeii CTeneHH o5mecTBeHHoro*pa3BHTHH. OHa OTOßpajia BJiacTb οτ 3Kcnjiyarapyiomnx KJiaccoB h nepeflajia ee Β pyioi paöonero KJiacca, KOTopbift npuBJieK κ ocymecTBJieHHio BJiacTM Η TpyAflmeecH KpecTbHHCTBO. CoBercKan pecnyßJiHKa npoeena 3Kcnponpnaniiro KpynHoft H cpe«Hefi 6yp>Kya3Hn, 3axBaTHB Β oőmecTBcmiyio coócTBeHHOCTb SKCnponpunpoBaiiHbie cpeaCTBa npo-H3B0flCTBa, h npeBpaTHJia KpynHyio u cpeAHioio npoMbimjieHHOCTb Β couHajiHCTHiecKHÖ cei<τορ HapoAHoro xo.'iHHCTBa. OHa ocymecTBHJia 3KcnponpnannH) KJiacca noMemnKOB, iero He cflenajia HH peBOJiionnji 1848 r., i^y peBOJiiomiH 1918 r. OHa pa3«ejinjia ΚΟΗΦΠΟΚΟΒΒΗΗΜΟ noMemHHbH 3eMJin TOJibKO Β OMeHb MajiOH Mepe, Β Kanecree HCKJiiOTHTeJibnoH ycTynKH. Ha ÖblBUIHX nOMemH>JbHX 3CMJIHX OHa OCHOBaJia KpeCTbíIHCKHe npOH3BOACTBeiIHbie KOJIJieKTIlBbl ΠΌΑ rocyAapcTBeHHbiM pyKOBOACTBOM H nepecKO>-iHB peBOJiiounoHHbiH ACMOKpaTi-meCKnií 3Tan arpapHoro paseimui AcpeBHn, OHa co3AaAa TOTiac orpoMHbiií conna^ncTH"-ieci<nH ceKTop Β ceJibCKOM X03MÍÍCTBC. 3το 0Ka3aji0Cb «jieBofí» OIDHSKOÍÍ, ΗΟ Βοπρεκιι STOMy iie:ib3H 3aTMHTb TOT (JiaKT, MTO CoBeTCKan pecnyßAHKa OTOßpajia 3CMJIIO OT 3KCnjiyaTaT0p0B H nepeAaJia ee τεΜ, KTO εε oGpaôaïbiBacT. CoBeTCKan peciryÓJiHKa ooecneqmia Bee npaBa TpyAHiimxcH Η Β 3ΤΟΜ ΟΤΗΟΙΙΚΗΜΗ Tai<>i<E Α3Λεκο npeB30iujia őyp>Kya3H0-AeM0KpaTHH8CKH8 peBOJifoiiHH. nepBbiíi pa3 paoo'ine h i<pec-Tb«H8 noJiywiJiH nojiHOTy nojiHTHqecKHX npae H <(BCK) MaTeptiaJii.nyío u AyxoBHyio ποΑΑερ>κκν>> npaBHT8AbCTBa κ Hcn0Ab30BaHHK) HX npae. Βοπρεκκ TpyAHOMy SKOHOMHHCCKOMy HOJIO>KCHHFO CoB8TCKaíi pecnyô.IHKA yjiymuHiia yCJlOBHH >KH3HH TpyAHIHIIXCH, ripOBCJia 3HaMHT8JlbHbI8 MepOnpHHTIIH Β OÖJia'CTft pa3BHTHH ΓΗΓκεΗΒΐ η CA8Jiajia ocoßeHHO 6ojibixiyio paßoTy β HCJIHX pa3BepTbiBaiiiiH KyjibTypHofi ρεΒΟJIIOIÍHH, CKOpefimeH JH-iKBHAanuu KyjibTypHOÍi MOHonojiim 3KcnjiyaTMpyioiunx KJiaccoB. CoBeTCKaH pccny6:inKa oßecneniuia nojiHoe paBHonpaewe HauoHa/ibHi.ix MeHbiuHHCTB, Η Β οτΗΟΐιιεΗΗΗ HauHOHajjbHOH nojiHTHKH TaioKe AaJi8KO np8B30iujia TaK pcBOjiioiuiK) 1848 r., KAK Η pcBOJiíonHK) 1918 R. H NOKA3AJIA HAPOAAM FLYHAÍÍCKORO öacceíína, MTO NOAJIHHHO AEMOKpaTHieCKyio HauHOiianbiiyio nojiHTHKy cyMeeT ocymecTBHTi, TOJibKO paSonan BJiacTb. CoBeTCKan pecriyö.iiiKa BCJia repoHieCKyw peBOjirowiOHHyw OTeHecTBeHHyio BofiHy, couHajiHCTHiecKyio ocBOoOAHTe.abHym 6opb6y προτιΐΒ HMnepna.qiiCTOB aHTaHTbi. KorAa rep-MaHCKan 6yp>Kya3HH npii noMomii comiaji-AtMOKpaTOB ii πριι πθΑΑερ>κκε nMnepna.iHCTOB 13 Századok