Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
IV. Habitation of the Lăpuş II-Gáva I Archaeological Culture
of appliqué ribs and finger-impressed or incised crests from the eastern and southern aspects of the Suciu de Sus culture434. Type 3 includes pots whose rim grows obliquely and narrower taking the shape of a funnel, with prominent shoulder and arched body. These are made from coarse clay and have a yellow-brick like colour with grey stains. Two vessels of this type were discovered in the complex. 589 vessel deposit (PI. 61/2, 62/1). The vessels are fitted with wide knobs with two or three pointed knobs (motif AJ), an ornamental accessory present on several vessels from the pit where these were found. This form is absent from Lăpuş or Gáva I sites and its origin could not be established. Type 4 comprises vessels with oblique walls which grow narrower toward the base. Through the profile of the walls this pot type is similar with variant lAa of the bowls/dishes group, being different from these due to its greater height in relation to the diameter of the mouth. The impossibility of establishing the relation between the two dimensions is probably the reason why only one example could be attributed to this type of pot, discovered in the complex 589 vessel deposit (PI. 61/1). The vessel is fitted under the rim with a pair of double pointed knobs (motif AJ). Pots with conical bodies are absent from the finds of the Lăpuş group or from the ones attributed to the first phase of the Gáva culture435, however they are well documented in the evolved phase of the Gáva culture436. Storage vessels These are recipients of large capacity (between 80 and 200 1), with wide mouth, conical or arched body. Compared with the diameter of the upper part of the vessel, the diameter of the base is so small that the stability of the vessel could only be assured if it was partially buried in the ground or supported by a wooden frame (PI 20/8). These vessels are quite high (34—48 cm) measuring close to the maximum diameter (32—58 cm). Storage jars have thick walls made from clay with large grained temper. However their surface is carefully smoothed and underwent a good oxidizing firing. Two types were distinguished based on the profile of the walls: storage jars with maximum diameter in the region of the shoulder (PI. 20/8) and storage jars with maximum diameter in the region of the belly at the half of its height (PI. 61/6). The frequency of storage jars is pretty low: five examples of which four are type 1 and one type 2. Two examples were discovered in two ritual vessel deposits: S14 complex 5 (PI. 20/8) and complex 589 (PI. 61/6). The association of storage jars with drinking vessels and grinders or vessels used for boiling (in complex 5 in SI4), suggest the possibility of linking these deposits with the production and consumption of beer, or with the storage jars used as recipients for fermenting437. Storage jars have been discovered also in the sites of the Lăpuş group, these often having striated decoration438. The identical form and similar decoration of the storage jars from Lăpuş with those of the Suciu culture determined the appreciation of the form as being directly inherited439. The same heritage in form and (Kacsó 1990, p. 91), Suciu de Sus - Pe şes (Kacsó 1993, p. 30) and Lăpuş - Gruiul Târgului (Kacsó 1994a, p.12). Striations decorate most of the vessel fragments from coarse clay published from the settlements at Groşii Tibleşului (Kacsó 1993), Lăpuş - La arini, Oarţa de Sus — Făget and a few sites (settlements or destroyed tumulus burials) situated in the range of the village of Lăpuş (Kacsó 2003). The presence of striated decoration is mentioned also in the case of pottery fragments discovered at ground level in Rogoz and Rohia (Kacsó 2003, p. 116). 434 Kacsó 1981, p. 64-65; Kacsó 1990, p. 81; Kacsó 1993, p. 30. 435 An example with closely resembling form but with a more arched body originates from Berveni (Németi 1990, fig. 8/2) 436 László 1994, p. 69 (Grăniceşti, type lCb pots); Pankau 2004, p. 57 (Mediaş, type 3 pots); Horedt 1966, fig. 9/2,3 (Sighetul Marmaţiei); Kruselnicka 1995, abb.2 flTkutscha). 437 Marta 2008, p. 111-129. 438 Kacsó 1981, p.35; Kacsó 1990, p. 80, fig. 7/11. 439 Kacsó 1981, p.35. 67
