Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
III. Habitation of te Suciu de Sus Archaeological Culture
of the Suciu de Sus culture, is maintained on the pottery of the Lăpuş group only on bowls'36. Vessels of the type 3 were made of coarse clay and have a specific decoration of this category: pointed (AA) or wide knobs (AE). Only one vessel has brushed decoration on its outside (EC). Decorated or undecorated type 3 bowls are present in various Suciu de Sus setdements, having similar decoration in what concerns the form or method of arrangement156 157. The absence of type 3 bowls in some sites may be accidental, having in mind that in some Suciu III setdements the lobes are present on other types of bowls as well as considering their presence on excised-incised vessels from the second phase158 it may be concluded that this form had a dynamic continuity. Lobed bowls (subtype 3B) with excisedincised decoration are not used in the pottery of the Lăpuş group, however they seem to continue within the Lăpuş II—Gáva I finds from Petea (PI. 39/15). Type 4 comprises examples of small dimensions which can be considered bowls. These have a narrow mouth and arched walls, their height being similar in size to the diameter of the mouth. Subtype 4A consists of examples without lobes, while the ones with lobes on the rim have been included into subtype 4B. Both subtypes have a relatively low frequency. Subtype 4A (PI. 33/5, 50/13, 53/3, 56/1, 59/11) includes 5 examples from the settlement at Petea-Csengersima, the majority of these having been made from intermediate clay. Two vessels are adorned with pairs of pointed knobs (AA), while one has brushed decoration (EA). Subtype 4b has the same shape as the preceding subtype, though it has lobes on the rim (PI. 5/13). It is illustrated by only two vessels lacking in any kind of decoration. Type 5 was identified on the basis of only one example discovered in the settlement at Petea-Csengersima. It has an oval mouth, sloped and slightly arched walls, whereas its base has the shape of the number “8” (PI. 45/5). The decoration of the vessel is specific of the Suciu de Sus, however the shape is unknown among its other vessels. Cups Cups are present in a high number, representing 26,81% from the total vessels forms that were identified (the second most frequent category after pots). More than two thirds of the cups discovered had been made from fine cay, others were made from intermediate clay, with the exception of two examples made from coarse clay. Their colouring varies although vessels with dark colours prevail. Cups with shiny black outside have been fired and treated in a similar manner as the Gáva pottery. The following types of cups can be distinguished based on the profile of the walls: Type 1 has arched walls, the maximum diameter located right under the shoulder which, being two times bigger as compared to the height of the cup, gives it a semi globular aspect. Subtype 1A has two rows of knobs made by pushing the walls outward. Variant 1Aa has a big over raised handle (PI. 5/12, 15/5,6,18, 24/6,8, 30/4, 31/4,9 33/3,10, 37, 42/4, 51/2, 52/12, 60/2,12,15, 63/11) and is present in a very high number, namely 40 vessels were found in archaeological complexes alone. Almost the entire surface of variant lAa cups have very rich decoration obtained through excision-incision. From this point of view it is likely that some of the many decorated cup fragments which could not be typologically identified probably belonged to this variant. Also, a great number of cups belonging to variant lAa were discovered in the cultural layer of the settlement. The outside walls of Suciu de Sus type cups are richly decorated, usually with excised-incised decoration, but rarely with channelled decoration. The main decorative frieze is found on the body, arranged around two interchanging rows of knobs. The main theme is represented by a spiral (about two thirds of the cases) or by concentric circles. Arched channelled decoration can sometimes be 156 Kacsó 2003, abb. 23, 24, 25. 157 Bader 1978, pl. XLVII/11. 158 Bader 1978, pi. XLVII/11. 31
