Diaconescu, Marius (szerk.): Mediaevalia Transilvanica 1998 (2. évfolyam, 1. szám)
Relaţii internaţionale
The Political Relations between Wallachia and Hungary 25 After 1359129 or at least any time after issuing the document discussed here, the relations became tense again, irreversibly. The last year of Nicholas Alexander voivode's reign appear to have been, from a document released by the king after the death of the voivode, as a new period of rebellion. Louis I accused him to have encroached upon his sworn faith and the documents elaborated concerning the deals, the donations and the incomes rightfully belonging to the king, as lawful master, and also to have forgotten "the advantages received" from the king130. The rebellion and the independence manifestations of the Romanian voivode resumed in his last years of life were taken over by his successor and by the Wallachian boyars. Subsequent to this independent tendency, immediately after Nicholas Alexander's death, his son, Vladislav Vlaicu, sat on the throne with the boyars' assent, without waiting the resolution, which should have come from the king. The king's response, who immediately organised a military punishing expedition, suggests a new perspective upon the vassality relationships. The Hungarian king tried to reform this field of his reign too, promoting Western concepts. The documents which accounts about this reforming conception is the summoning order issued by King Louis in sight of a military campaign against the Romanian voivode. The document is especially important as it justifies, from the perspective of the Hungarian royalty, the claims for suzerainty and defines the concept of vassality. The Hungarian king was not content that Vladislav Vlaicu, the deceased voivode's son, Nicholas Alexander, persisted in the unfaithful and rebelling attitude of his father and din not accept the king as a rightful master. Vladislav was crowned as ruler of Wallachia without asking the "permission" of the king. The suzerain accused him of an "untrue coronation", an investment which "was only right" to be given by the king "in the tradition of the entitlement and order conferred by birth". The signs of power should have been rendered by the king131. The military campaign against Vladislav was justified by Louis's obligation, in his quality as king of Hungary and keeper of the old custom of the late Hungarian monarchs, and also because of "the established tradition of the l“J The Orthodox Metropolitan Seat in Wallachia was founded in 1359, with the approval of the Patriarchate for the transfer of the metropolitan bishop lachint from Vicina to Argeş. The historians understood this as an independent attitude of the Romanian voivode and a proof for the selfdetermination of the country. The approaches for the founding of the metropolitan seat is of course dated before 1359, so the act must not be correlated with the momentary relations with the Hungarian king. By the foundation of the metropolitan seat, the Romanian Orthodox Church, previously subjected to the Bulgarian one, acquired its independence. 130 DRH, D., I, pp. 78-79: „...wayuoda Transsalpinus, tanquam inmemor beneficiorum a nobis receptorum et ingrat us fidem suam et litteras utrobique super certis pact is, censibus el an[...] noştri dominii naturális nobis debitis, inter nos et ipsum initarn el emanatas, ipsa adhuc vita mundiali perfruente, temerariis ausibus [,..]are non expavit...“. 131 DRH, I)., I, p. 78:.....Ladislaus, .... pravos mores imitatus patemos, nos tamquam suum dominum naturalem minime [...Jssens, inconsultis nobis et inrequisitis, in eadem terra nostra Transsalpina, que iure et ordine gcnitore nobis debetur, titulum suum fictum crigens in contumeliam domini, a quo sua debent dependere insignia, in ipsius terre nostre dominium, ex peifida voluntate et connivencia Olachorum et habitatorum terre eiusdem, loco patris [..Jericus se subrogare...“.
