Diaconescu, Marius (szerk.): Mediaevalia Transilvanica 1998 (2. évfolyam, 1. szám)
Relaţii internaţionale
The Political Relations between Wallachia and Hungary 15 context: the internal crisis of the suzerain power. A part of great importance in the constitution of the Romanian State was played by the internal evolution of the society. But it is common with the Romanian historiography that this cause is exaggerated, the internal evolution of the Romanian society63, while the role of the political crisis in Hungary is minimised64. Given the conditions, in which a powerful state, with suzerain traditions and claims, was bordering the territory, only a crisis within it could offer an auspicious context in order to obtain the constitution of a relatively independent state by means of unifying more vassals and subdued political organisms. 3. Between the Suzerainty of the Kings of Anjou and Independence The first information concerning the relations between the new Romanian State and King Carol Robert, the founder of the Anjou dynasty in Hungary, are subsequent to the process of state unification. In 1324, the Hungarian king calls the Romanian Voivode Basarab I "our Voivode of Wallachia" (woyuodam nostrum Transalpinum) in an internal document and points out the success of a previous deputation to him born by a Hungarian subject65. The relation was not, until that moment, clearly framed66. Carol Robert was engaged in the conflicts aiming at his recognition as king for about two decades. It is probable that the deputations to which this particular document refers were asking for the Voivode Basarab's support against the king's enemies who came from the Southern part of the kingdom. One of them had even been present on the Wallachian boundaries, in the Severin region. The Mehadia citadel in the Severin region was governed by the members of the Theodore family67 who joined the anti-royal side during the crisis in Hungary. The conflict between the Anjou king and the oligarchy sharpened during the years 1314 - 1317. After 1316, the king was present in the vicinity, in the 63 Şt. Olteanu, Evoluţia procesului de organizare statală la est şi sud de Carpaţi în secolele LX-XIV, in Studii. Revistă de istorie, tom 24, 1971, no. 4, pp. 757-775; PI. Constantiniu, Premisele apariţiei statelor feudale româneşti, in SAI, XXVI, 1974, pp. 5-11; etc. 64 Although this pre-requisite was underlined by N. Iorga, Istoria Românilor, III, Bucureşti, 1937, p. 156. 65DRH, D., I, pp. 36-37: „... item in deferendo pluribus vicibus nostras legaciones adBazarab, ..., ubi sue legacionis officium fideliter et laudabiliter adimplevit...“. Anjou-kori oklevéltár (following up: AO), VIR Budapest-Szeged, 1993, nr. 360-361, pp. 182-183. 66 S. Iosipescu, op. cit., p. 71, admits that by the characterization of Basarab as the king's voivode, Carol Robert was the Romanian voivode's suzeran. 67 P. Engel, Magyarország világi archontológiája 1301-1457, I, (following up: Archontológia), Budapest, 1996, p. 367. Gy. Györffy, Adatok a románok XIII.századi történetéhez és a román állam kezdeteihez (II), (following up: Adatok), in Történelmi Szemle, 1964, VII, nr. 3-4, p. 539 considers, without valid arguments, that the Severin Banate region was ruled by ban Theodore family together with the Bulgarian despot from Vidin. The same supposition: Gy. Kristó, Az Anjou-kor háborúi (following up: Az Anjou-kor), Budapest, 1988, pp. 79-80.
