B. Papp szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 34. 2003 (Budapest, 2003)

Szurdoki, Erzsébet: Peat mosses of North Hungary

folium will presumably thrive in Mohos lakes in the future, but the survival of the small patch in the Zemplén Mts is very doubtful. Sphagnum fimbriatum Wils. Variable in size, but the capitula are always small with a conspicuous, projecting stem bud. It is pale green coloured and never has red flacks. The stem leaves are characteristic; large, shortly spatulate, the apex very widely rounded and distinctly fimbriate (DANIELS and EDDY 1985). 20-30 years ago it was relatively rare in Hungary, in the 1970s we have known only 10 occurrences, in the 1980s 3 new locations were found and in the 1990s 22 new S. fimbriatum occurrences had been described. Four earlier known occurrences extinct in the meanwhile. In the past decades S. fimbriatum were found in most areas where Sphagna live. Nowadays it lives in bogs, intermediate mires, fens and willow or alder swamps, on moist roadside embankments and in temporarily wet places with occasional runoff and also in forests (SZURDOKI and ÓDOR in press). Recently, S. fimbriatum is not rare in North Hungary, and in comparison with earlier known data it has a broad, though scattered, distribution (Table 1 ). The earlier known occurrences of S. fimbriatum were published from Kis-tó in the 1880s (BORBÁS 1886), from Nagy-Mohos in 1960 (BOROS 1915-71, VAJDA 1933-78, BOROS 1964), and from Csömöri-tó in 1976 (STOLLMAYER-BONCZ 1982). In the 1980s this species was found in the Nyírjes-tó (BAKALÁR 1981) and in Kis-Mohos (CZENTHE 1985). In the past decade (1990s) it was found in Nádas-tó (LÁJER 1998a, b), in Lókosár (SOMLYAY and LŐKÖS 1999), in three places in the Zemplén Mts (SZURDOKI et al 2000), in Bence-tó, Báb-tava and Zsid-tó in the Bereg Plain (NAGY and FlGECZKY 1998, SZURDOKI and NAGY 2002), and in Júlia-liget near Piricse in the Nyírség (JAKAB and LES KU 1995). From three earlier colonised mires (Kis-tó, Csömöri-tó and Bence-tó) S. fimbriatum is extinct. S. fimbriatum lives in different types of mires, but occurs mainly under willow shrubs. In the Zemplén Mts it grows on open wet soil and in Lókosár on dead wood and soil in broad-leaved forest. This species is distributed not only in the investigated area, but in all peat moss-occupied areas. This is one of the most frequent peat mosses in North Hungary. The populations appear to be viable with good dispersal possibilities (frequent sporophyton and good vegetative reproduction), therefore these populations presumably will thrive in the future. SZURDOKI and ÓDOR (in press) studied its expansion in past decades and its habitat preferences in detail.