L. Lőkös szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 27-28. 1996-97 (Budapest, 1978)

Szerdahelyi, Tibor, Penksza, Károly, Dobolyi, Konstantin Z., Szollát, György, Kapocsi, Judit; Figeczky, Gábor: Vegetation and point-mapping survey in the strictly protected areas of the landscape protection area of the Pilis Mts (Hungary)

(Poa nemoralis, Dactylis polygama, Rubus sp.). Originally this stand was a Melica uniflora-type Querco petraeae-Carpinetum association. Ranges 5, 7 and 9: Before the description of the ranges some general remarks are needed. First of all the bedrock is not limestone under these three ranges. On differently acidic soils on sandstone and mixed (limestone + sandstone) bedrock two associations are present: Quercetum petraeae-cerris with a few species in the herb layer and the type of Corno-Quercetum pubescenti-petraeae living on acidic soil. The diversity of forest stands and generally the richness of the vegetation are increased by the fact that the area is at margin of the hill, the diversity of relief and the different climatic and edaphic conditions caused by the relatively large differences in altitude. This is why transitional stands of Querco petraeae-Carpinetum and Quercetum petraeae-cerris associations are found at some sites. Moreover, in range 9 on the border of Corno-Quercetum pubescentipetraeae, Querco petraeae-Carpinetum. and Quercetum petraeae-cerris associations in a vast zone Fraxinus ornus grows together with Carpinus betulus in a significant rate. The Corno-Quercetum pubescenti-petraeae stands in ranges 1, 3 and 4 are also good, typical stands, and this is why these will not be described separately, only local characteristics, valuable and protected species and suggestions for managements will be emphasized. Common characteristic of CornoQuercetum pubescenti-petraeae associations is that Quereus cerris x pubescens occurs in high rate in the stands (beside the Quereus pubescens, Quereus cerris and Fraxinus ornus). Range 7: On the steep slope of the southeastern border of the range the following herbaceous plants are dominant in the oak forest living on mixed bedrock (limestone + sandstone) with acidic soil: Luzula albida, Carex montana, Melica uniflora, Festuca heterophylla. Beside the acidofrequent species of Quercetum petraeae-cerris (Achillea distans, Genista elata, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Astragalus glycyphyllos, Digitalis grandiflora, Melittis grandiflora, Chrysanthemum corymbosum, Lathyrus niger) some species typical of Corno-Quercetum pubescenti-petraeae also occur (Anthericum ramosum, Cynanchum vincetoxicum, Teucrium chamaedrys). Cephalanthera longifolia and Epipactis helleborine are also remarkable species. On the southern part of the range a Quercetum petraeae-cerris stand extends on acidic soil, too, but it is very poor in species. In the herb layer of the thinned forests (in the case of the stand which is almost in placor situation and contiguous with range 6) Poa nemoralis and Dactylis polygama dominate partly because of thinning. Festuca heterophylla that prefers dry and acidic habitat is frequent. In the thinned forest Rubus sp. is common as a forest weed. In the middle of the oak forest stripe the herb layer of the stand in southeast exposure is extremely scattered, the cover of bare ground is 80%. Studia bot. huna. 27-28, 1996-97