Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 16. 1982 (Budapest, 1982)
Stollmayerné Boncz, Emilia: The flora of the Csömör pool
The western shore is steeper, the strip of land on the water side is narrower, there are many reedy areas, areas of willow bushes and bramble canes. Thus weeds are driven back to the strip of land along the road which means 20-50 cm. The northern side is open towards the field with very few species of weeds. The eastern side is getting flatter towards the agricultural territory, the road is at a distance from the lake. The territory here is broad and very shady with willow trees, bramble canes and sedges, and is partly flooded in case of high water. Therefore territories with weeds are narrow. On the southern side the beginning of the "lateral" valley can be found which is damp and shady with willow trees and it has become overgrown with weeds to the least extent. ( Amaranthus retroflexus , Ambrosia elatior , Artemisia vulgaris , Cannabis sativa, Cenchrus pauciflorus, Cirsiutn arvense , Convolvulus arvensis , Erigeron canadensis , Hibiscus trionum , Melandrium album , Plantago major, Polygonum patulum, Salsola kali , Sonchus arvensis , Agropyron repens , Cynodon dactylon , Setaria viridis ). The plants of the water side The configurations of the terrain, water supply and the distance from the agricultural territory have made it possible that along the water side around the lake a diversity of territories could be formed both from the point of view of scenery and phytocenology . Especially species belonging to the phytosystematic unities of Molinietalia, Phragmitetea, Magnocaricion and Populetalia. The open water reaching the water side can only be found on the northern side. Here a group of Populus nigra ssp. pyramidale, presumably planted can be found beside the road together with the marshland plants of the valley of the Stream Forrás or Csömör. The island can be seen the best from here (Fig. 1). The western side of it is occupied, along a narrow strip, by reeds, willow bushes and sedges. Open water is only on a small space, beside a fallen, once huge Salix triandra . On the eastern side there is a stand of beautiful Lastrea thelypteris on a broad strip of land in the shade of large willow trees. This territory is partly flooded in spring and autumn. After the flood has subsided, the roots and branches of the willow trees are covered by a moss carpet of Amblystegium riparium (Fit. 2). Among the large species belonging to Magnocarion the winter frost and the icy storms cause much damage in the old willow trees. The vegetation completely overgrows the broken off, crumbling branches covered with tinders. On the south-eastern, southern and south-western side first a reedy marsh and bulrushes, then willow bushes ( Salix cinerea , Salix triandra ), poplar bushes and trees ( Populus alba , P. nigra , P. tremula ), then willow trees ( Salix triandra ) under them a territory with sedges (Carex elata, C. gracilis , C. riparia ) with lots of horsetail ( Equisetum arvense ) can be found on a broad strip. The Rubus caesius covers everything, the reeds are overgrown by Calystegia sepium . The water side is made livelier by Eupatorum cannabium , Cirsium canum , Epilobium hirsutum , Lysimachia vulgaris , Lythrum salicaria , Mentha aquatica , Myosotis palustris , Solanum dulcamara and Symphytum officinale . The list of water side plants can be seen in Table 3 with the indication of the habitat and estimated frequency. Plants in the water There is not much open water (Map 2). The water is deeper on the northern side, here the open water is covered by the white Batrachium trichopyllum and the yellow Utricularla vulgaris in the bloom period. As for the other parts of the surface narrow, winding water surfaces shimmer round the island. The yellow-flowered Rorippa amphibia can be detected among the reeds and bulrushes. Phragmites communis , Typha angustifolia and T. latifolia can be found in little patches here and there, and inwards from the water side on the shallower south-eastern, southern and south-western part. In some places the leaves of the Lemna minor . L. trisulca . Polygonum amphibium , f. aquaticum and Potamogeton natans, cover the water. In spring much alga can be found. The species list of the water surface is in Table 3. The species belong to the phytosystematic groups of Hydrochari-Lemnetea , Potametalia and Phragmitetalia .
