Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 16. 1982 (Budapest, 1982)
Bohus, Gábor: Some results of systematical and ecological research on Agaricales, IX.
cent-ration. Sodium carbonate causes the highest toxic effect, while sodium cloride and sodium sulphate are only moderately harmful. However, there are some plants, that can grow just in such areas of relatively high salt concentration. Of the fungi living on seashores, certain Agaricus species grow in mass in the saline soils in Hungary, and certain species do occur also in strongly fertilized pastures, grasslands as well. During laboratory experiments the manifestation of the inhibiting toxic effect was examined by raising the sodium sulphate concentration in the case of these fungus species. The inhibition of the mycelium growth could be observed in the species drawn into ihe experiment ( Agaricus macrosporoides , A. bernardii , A. fissuratus) , and in Agaricus bisporus which was used as a control. In the case of Agaricus macrosporoides, which usually fructifies well under laboratory conditions, the inhibiting effect of sodium sulphate on the fructification process could be observed. Methods Cultivation: Culture vessels are 800 ml cylinder glasses covered with Petri dishes and paper wadding air-filter. The composition of the culture media: 80 g scob grist; 2.4 g (NH 4 )2S0 4 ; 4.8 g CaC0 3 ; 0.8 g commercial mineral premix; 220 ml hot water. Sterilization at 1 atm over-pressure, for 50-60 min. Inoculation material: spawn sprinkled over the culture media surface. Spore germination: preparation of synthetical nutrient solution with two and a half times the nutrient material: 12.5 g d-glucose; 1.25 g White pepton; 0.25 g KCl; 0.25 g MgS0 4 ; 0.25 g CaCl2î 0.25 g KH 2 P0 4 ; 1.08 g Na 2 HP0 4 . 7 H 2 0; 12.5 ml FeCPj solution of 0.1% concentration; 100 K Bj vitamin; 0.125 g malt extract; 2.5 g agar-agar completed with distilled water to 500 ml; 20-20 ml of synthetical nutrient were poured into 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks; 30-30 ml buffer solution of required pH were poured into test tubes and all of the flasks and tubes were sterilized at 0.5 atm for 30 minutes. After sterilization, the buffer solutions were mixed with nutrient solution while they were hot and they were kept at 80°C for 20 min. Inoculation: pieces of malt extract agar containing the disperged spores were placed on the surface of the nutrient solution. Spore germination in the case of Agaricus macrosporoides was observed after 20 days at the earliest. The number of repetitions was only 2, because in the course of numerous experiments carried out since 1970 it turned out that as regards the interlacing in Agaricus macrosporoides the error is of such a small extent that it is practically negligible, especially in case it is carried out in a way that the inoculation bud material is sprinkled on to the surface of the culture media and thus the interlacing starts simultaneously at the same time at several points. As for fructification, it always ensues in the case of this species under favourable conditions (BOHUS 1978). Results Agaricus macrosporoides Repetition of the preceding experiment, with a 0.5% sodium sulphate: One of the two collateral cultures produced a crop of 50% of the dry matter weight of the media within 80 days, while in the other culture no fruit body had grown yet during this period, except on the 105th day a fruit body production was observed in a weight of 46%. Thus, 0.5% sodium sulphate in the culture medium inhibits or delays the fruit body formation to a certain extent. In the case of a concentration higher than this (1.0%) fruit body formation does not even occur and the growth rate of mycelium also slows down. At a sodium sulphate concentration of 1.5% already full inhibition was demonstrated.
