Hardi Tamás - Tóth Károly (szerk.): Határaink mentén. A szlovák-magyar határtérség társadalmi-gazdasági vizsgálata (2008) (Somorja, 2009)

Esettanulmányok

214 Summary missing for the faster common development is primarily the direct and good quality trans­port connection. The commuters’ trains of the Austrian railway company (Euroregion trains) have scheduled lines and preferential tariffs from Vienna towards Tatabánya and Szombathely in Hungary, and also towards the border region of the Slovakia and the Czech Republic. It is no wonder then that in the western part of the border region it is the central relations directed towards Vienna that are strengthening. Budapest has, may have a similar function in the central part of Slovakia. However, the infrastructure back­ground for this is missing, and the establish­ment and organisation of these systems is blocked by political problems, among other things. There is no high quality road and rail access from Budapest to Central Slovakia; although its construction fits into the network development plans of the Union, the designa­tion of the tracks is a matter of political debates between the two countries. Compared to the two big capital cities, the cross-border role of Bratislava is much more moderate. Bratislava is strengthening its relations to Vienna, there are several fast ship lines between the two cities (Wienslava-Bratis­­wien), the motorway has already been built and the construction of through train, in fact, high speed railway line is also probable. The cross-border attraction of the capital city of Slovakia is mostly built on the suburbanisa­tion process. Real estate prices in the rapidly growing Bratislava are in a sharp contrast with the relatively lower real estate prices on the other side of the border, in the Austrian and Hungarian areas, which are peripheries in their respective countries. The outmigration of the inhabitants of Bratislava to these areas started quickly, and they commute across the border towards Bratislava. This process has an increasingly important impact on the Hungarian areas along the border, as they are in an extremely good transport position. Outflow is further reinforced by the elimina­tion of the control on border crossing; on the other hand, it is set back by the fact that the Hungarian areas — unlike the Austrian ones - lack suburban public transport towards the capital city of Slovakia. Infrastructure is given (motorway, railway). If transport is organised, the agglomeration of Bratislava will reach right to Mosonmagyaróvár, as not only the population moves out from a big city going through suburbanisation, but also the economic actors that follow the inhabitant, seeking lower cost locations (or rented offices), as it has already happened in the agglomeration of Vienna and Budapest. In addition there is a geographical point of out­standing value, a crossing of motorways in the vicinity of a big city, like the crossing of the motorways Ml and M15 in the Hungarian territory. Along the total length of the border we find small and medium-sized towns from Győr to Košice and Sátoraljaújhely, and these towns are expanding their catchment areas to both sides of the border in some way. In some places it concerns the commuting of the labour force (Győr), in other places it is in commerce (Salgótarján, Sátoraljaújhely), in other places it is in the field of public ser­vices, almost the total of life (Komárom, Esztergom). In western part we find cities in the direct proximity of the border which are bigger and have more significant economic potential (Mosonmagyaróvár, Győr, Komá­rom and Komamo, the twin cities Esztergom and Strovo [Figure 2]), in the eastern part of the border region the bigger cities are farther away from the border. Not even the hinter­lands of the towns with 20 to 50 thousand inhabitants, offering an almost complete range of central functions, cover the whole region. Along this long border section we find Salgótarján, Ózd and Kazincbarcika, in Slovakia Lučenec and Rimavská Sobota in the vicinity of the border. All are small towns, even the county seats, except Salgótar­ján. The major centres (Košice and Miskolc)

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