Szabolcs-Szatmár-Beregi levéltári évkönyv 15. (Nyíregyháza, 2001)

Rezümék (angol, német)

Parliament around himself and form the new party by disintegrating the framework of the existing governing parties. The Prime Minister realized that the balance of forces in the internal situation had shifted to the advantage of the free, king-making Small-holders' Party, especially a group, the leader of which was István Nagyatádi Szabó. For this reason he made an effort to found a homogeneous party which could serve his conservative conceptions. There were two opposite ideas of forming parties. Bethlen intended to found a completely new party. Nagyatádi and the liberal and agrarian-democratic wing of the Smallholders' Party would have liked to get the extention of the party into a governing party adopted. They were even ready for widening the name and the program of the party. At the end of the government crisis that lasted for 2 weeks the group of Nagyatádi was victorious as they were able to prevent Bethlen from forming a homogeneous party. However, Nagyatádi had to hand over the leadership of the Ministry of Agriculture to János Mayer. The neo-conservative agrarians' influence icreased by acquiring the position of the under-secretary of state in the Ministry of Agriculture. On the whole the influence of Nagyatádi and his followers within the goverment declined. VALUCH, TIBOR: Change and Continuity in the Hungarian Society in the Second Half of the 20th Century In the second half ot the 20th century the Hungarian society experienced significant changes. After the 2nd World War there was a chance of establishing bourgeois civilization. However, from the beginning of the fifties there was an attempt to eliminate the civil structures that already existed. From the end of the sixties some kind of bourgeois development began so the society of Hungary was "socialist" only because of the character of the political structure and the dominance of the state proparty. In the decades following the communist take-over of power the so-called socialist society failed to materialize. It existed only in the politicians' and ideologists' imagination of the era. The processes of the social stratification were quite varied all along, which resulted in creating considerably fragmented social groups and layers. The role of continuity is significant in the social processes. The former social structures and attitudes had a long-lasting effect on the stratification of the Hungarian society. The role of the private sector was much more remarkable than it had been believed before in the structural changes of the Hungarian society that took place in the past decades. To be able to describe and explain the social structure of the second half of the 20th century and to work out a widely applicable modern model of structure we need further basic researches.