Fazekas Éva: A fekete leves, a kávéfőzés története, időszaki kiállítás, 2010. április 23 - 2010. október 25, a Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, a Magyar Műszaki és Közlekedési Múzeum és a Fazekas & Kimmel Gyűjtemény közös időszaki kiállítása (Budapest, Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, 2010)
Éva Fazekas-József Kimmel: POTS, FLASKS AND PERCOLATORS
Parallel siphons A special type of coffee machine operating on the vacuum principle are the so-called dumping coffee machines with steam pressure, or - as named in another way - the parallel siphons. Their origin can be traced back to the mid-19 t h century. In these apparatuses the water brought to boiling in one of the tanks with an alcohol burner is sucked through a filter chamber and an inflexed tube to the ground coffee in the other tank. Then - after the vacuum created by having stopped heating - the Eicke gőznyomású kippsyphon, 19. sz. második fele, F&K gyűjtemény "Kipp" siphon for steam pressure, type Eicke, second half of 19 th century, F&K collection liquid that has become in the meantime a coffee drink, is sucked back equally through the filter to its original place. From there it can be let out through a tap into a cup. Closing the alcohol burner has been achieved here, too, by changing the weight of the dumper vessel. As it is, when the boiling water gets from the water tank to the neighbouring vessel, the weight of the water tank decreases, and it is lifted by a counterweight. The lid of the alcohol burner supported by the water tank is stricken by the weight placed on it. Consequently, the flame dies away, and the water tank may cool down again. The devices were made in very nice and showy shapes, from gilded porcelain to variants made of tin, copper, and chromed plates. Parallel siphons were particularly fancied during the reign of Louis Philippe in France but the type was also widespread in Germany. The different variants of the pots dumped by steam pressure as patented by the German firm Eicke in 1878 are equally based on the pot rising because of its getting empty due to the flow of the boiling water to the other vessel, the alcohol burner closed in consequence, and the utilization of the vacuum formed in the pot cooling down. For the variant of the device built in one unit two vessels are not required, on flowing of the water getting hot, the pot is raised automatically, without help, higher above the alcohol burner. Hydrostatic percolators From the registered patents it seems that by the second half of the 19 t h century all the possible ways of coffee-making have been tried and the many kinds of devices in operation in practice have satisfied all the demands. Coffee machines have been made of a huge variety of materials, granting a splendid offer of decorating possibilities. 95
