Dr. Szabó Lajos: A magyar ifjúság testi nevelésének története (A Sportmúzeum Kincsei 5. Budapest, 2004)

Testnevelés az egyes iskolatípusokban a két világháború között (1920-1944)

THE TEACHING MATERIAL OF SCHOOL P.E. between the two World Wars was based on the "physical education system" worked out by János Kmetykó and his colleagues. Prussian "military drill"-type gymnastics was replaced by the Swedish one based on modern anatomical knowledge and such English sports branches appeared as track and field, rowing, ball games, tennis, skating, skiing. The number of lessons per week was raised from 2 to 3. The level of the lessons was highly influenced by the level of teacher training. The College of Physical Education started training physical education teachers in 1925. Several field trips were organized for the teachers mainly to Denmark, Sweden to study the Swedish-Danish gymnastics system. Physical Education was optional at the colleges and universities at that time. The 2nd National Congress of Physical Education was organized in Szeged, on November 22-23,1930. The aim of the congress was to evaluate the work and determine the tasks of future. Albert Szentgyörgyi said at the conference: "There are some schools where there are only 2 PE. lessons a week. This is inconsistent not only with physiology and medical science but with common sense, too." Kuno Klebelsberg stressed the importance of school PE. (English sample), but avoided himself from competitive sport, except Olympism. Between the two 2 World Wars Budapest organized the 4th Universiade between August 10-18,1935, with the participation of 774 competitors from 33 countries. Several well-known sports leaders also visited Hungary at that time, e.g. Henry de Baillet-Latour, president of the International Olympic Committee, Jules Rimet, president of the FIFA, and two representatives of the organizing committee of the Berlin Olympic Games: Hans von Tschammer und Osten, the German "Reichssportführer" and Dr Carl Diem, member of the German Olympic Committee.