Cseh Valentin szerk.: „70 éve alakult a MAORT” – tanulmányok egy bányavállalat történetéből (2009)
László Paczuk: EUROGASCO and MAORT's Production Methods
Derricks Derricks were truncated pyramid shaped, collapsible steel structures. Originally, just a single Lee C. Moore manufactured, 41.5 m tall, approximately 150 ton capacity American derrick was imported to the country in 1934, an SLC-type one. The NLA VAG works in Budapest produced its first derrick in 1938. Derrick assembly crews did not take to the buck braced German derricks that were imported during the war because of difficulties in their assembly. An API-standard compliant, trussed, 28 m tall, cone-shaped derrick was used for well repair purposes for more than twenty years. Steam boilers 2-3 locomotive type boilers with stacks were usually used next to the drilling outfits. Only steam boilers suitable for generating saturated steam took a foothold in Hungary's crude oil mining. Boiler plants became the preferred means of supplying energy, standing above all other methods because of its reliability- and adaptability to operating conditions —despite the fact that its operation was lacking in power efficiency, and its servicing was not easy either. Wood and coal was used at the first bores to heat the boilers. Initially, it was carriers from nearby villages that delivered the large volumes of fuel material. Feedwater for the boiler was taken from streams. Bore B-2 at Budafapuszta was the first time that natural gas heating was used, since natural gas produced from B-l was already utilised here. The engineering industry in Hungary was quick to commence the manufacturing of drilling rig boilers. IKZN boilers were produced by MA VAG in Budapest. These were unusually high pressure (21 atm) and high steam load boilers, which were also tolerated frequent drilling rig transportation well. Steam-engines and the first diesel engines Horizontal layout twin cylinder steam-engines served to drive draw-works and rotating tables. Tool pushers regulated steam volume, and thus the machine's rotary speed with the steam valve spindle extender's handwheel. This apparatus also made it possible to change the hoisting drum's direction of rotation with a rod that could be moved along the axle tube. Steam operated rotary drilling rigs were equipped with steam-engines suitable for producing 240-250 hp output in accordance with drill-hole depth limits. The first rotary rig's steam-engine - informally called the GUMBO BUSTFR - was built back in the 20s, in Oil City, Pennsylvania. It ranks among medium output, indestructible machines. IDEAL AJAX make, high performance, 14x14" gauge, approximately 450 hp output twin steamengines served to drive the other (R-2 and R-3) drilling rigs. Steam-engines of such performance made it possible to drop down drill-holes in the 1500-3000 m depth limits routinely, using the drawworks with just a few chain-drives —which were thus easy to operate. An Ideal type, smaller cylinder size, 12x12" twin steam-engines ran the fourth drilling rig's Oilwell drawworks. Diesel engines serving to drive the German drilling rigs imported to Hungary during World War Two were manufactured by MAN. These 6 and 8 cylinder, water-cooled, 240-280 hp performance
