F. Mentényi Klára szerk.: Műemlékvédelmi Szemle 1998/1. szám Az Országos Műemléki Felügyelőség tájékoztatója (Budapest, 1998)
MŰHELY - Somorjay Sélysette: 18. századi városi lakóépületek belső kialakítása. Funkció és dekoráció kapcsolata a lakóhelyiségekben
Sélysette SOMORJAY THE INTERIOR OF 18™ CENTURY URBAN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS The Connection of Function and Decoration in Living Rooms When making research of the interiors of residential buildings inventories, contemporary notes and the results of excavations should be taken mainly in consideration. If the investigation aims at more than one objects, and reconstructed plans, inventories, murals found in the course of survey are explained in connection with each other, then a few general statements can be made concerning 18 th century rooms. In the followings we try determine the use of certain rooms on the basis of contemporary inventories and to find connection between different types of rooms and repeating characteristics of decoration with the help of well-known wall paintings. The owner of the building no 7 Széchenyi square in Pécs was the sub-prefect of Baranya county in 1783, in the possible date of creating the wall paintings. The basis of the facade and plan reconstruction made as a result of building together two neighbouring houses was given by constructional characteristics uncovered with the help of wall paintings and archaeological survey. The centre of the plan in the street wing was a larger room, the "ceremonial hall" connected with a series of rooms with decreasing ground-space in North and South. On the basis of the characteristics of wall paintings - compared them to those of the plan - the use of certain rooms could be concluded. The plan of the above mentioned so called Schönherr house in Pécs shows striking similarities with that of the Grassalkovich palace in Gyöngyös (no 10. Fő tér - Main square), probably built between 1741-1750. As the originally one-storeyed palace was rebuilt at the turn of the century, beside the archaeological survey an inventory from 1777 had survived as a basic source in determining the function and decoration of the rooms. North and South to the largest central room the library and the print-room were placed. The North-Western room was a bedroom with a cabinet, and the chambermaid's room. The naming of the other rooms was more general (cabinet, corner-room), but the surfaces of the walls and hints to the furniture gave possibility to draw further conclusions. When determining the purpose of the rooms on the basis of wall decoration the interior decoration proposal of modern literature could lead us, recommending the appropriate use of three basic types (architectural wall-proportions, wooden wall cover with paintings and wall-paper). The Zichy palace in Győr (no 20. F. Liszt street) is largely similar to the building in Gyöngyös from the points of plan, the architectural characteristics of the staircase, the first-storey hall, and the series of rooms starting from the central large room. Still, the ground-floor let out, the relatively small number of bedrooms, the missing cabinets, and last but not least the "Gartensaal" raised to the first-storey row of rooms instead of the ground-floor "sala terrena" indicate that the palace in Győr was planned for short.
