N. Dvorszky Hedvig - F. Mentényi Klára szerk.: Műemlékvédelmi Szemle 1991/2. szám Az Országos Műemléki Felügyelőség tájékoztatója (Budapest, 1991)

MŰHELY - Summaries

SUMMARIES Tibor KOPPÁNY: The mediaeval church at Apácatorna The village of Apácatorna in the County of Veszprém is situated near the rivulet Torna where the hills of the Bakony and the plane of the Kisalföld meet. In the middle of the village, on a small hillstands its church, built in 1940-1941 on the site of the mediaeval one, that had been demolished earlier. Only the semi-circular apsis of the old church has survived. Three photographs and the ground-plan sketch of the, in 1935 demolished, building is to be found in the archive of the OMF. (Hungarian National Inspectorate of Historic Monuments, Intendance des Monuments Historiques de la Hongrie) The remnants of the building, the archive material, stone fragments held by the Village Museum of the nearby Tüskevár, and analogies in western Hungary made the theoretical reconstruction of lay-out and architectural form of the church possible. It was first mentioned in 1317 and dedicated to St. Margaret. The church, built of brick had one single nave and apsis, an entrance on the south side and a tower in the west that stood on two inside pillars. The facade on the outside were decorated with brick pilaster strips as was usual in the last decades of the 13th century in the western parts of the country. This building form, which shows a colourful variety concerning the lay-out and the details, developed under the influence of the Benedictine church at Jak, built around the middle of the 13th century. The village church of Apácatorna, too, belongs to this group. Csaba LÁSZLÓ: Research at Pannonhalma In 1996 the Benedictine order will celebrate the thousand year anniversary of the endowment of its monastery at Pannonhalma. This initiated cetain reconstructions that opened the opportunity to under- and above ground archeological observations. Though this has not yet been completed, the publication of certain results seem to be necessary. The earliest remnants suggest a wooden building with terrazzo pavement. No archeological reference is avaiable about the church belonging to this early building. The foundations and in one art the several meter high walls of the church, built by the Abbot David in the middle of the 12th century were also excavated. This was of the same width as the present day church had three aisles, a crypt and was unvaulted

. A renovation of this church was started at the beginning of the 13th century but before the cloister. The sanctuary in the north was retained and in use while the new construction was being built. After a couple of underway modifications the three-aisle, vaulted, late romanesque church with a straight chevet and crypt was completed. Its interior was distributed into three parts: above the crypt was the main sanctuary, which could be approached from the north side-aisle through a step cut in the wall. In front of this, in the middle part of the church, was the choir of the monks, cut off from the west section of the church by an archaded choir-screen decorated with red marble. The western part of the church had the single direct entrance from the outside. In 1486 the sanctuaries were re-vaulted, in the 16th century side-chapels adjoined to the side-aisles. The 18th century renovations did not change the mediaeval character of the church. The construction of the 19th century tower, on the other hand, was not without effect: in its favour the western part and the west choir of the mediaeval building had to be demolished. Restoration works carried out by Ferenc Storno at the end of the last century caused further damage to the building. Having undergone several renovations, the late romanesque monastery was completed in the first decades of the 13th century. This had a regular cloister quadrangle but no conversus corridor following Cistercian examples, as has been suggested. In the middle of the courtyard there was a walled cistern and in the corner a