Haris Andrea szerk.: Koldulórendi építészet a középkori Magyarországon Tanulmányok (Művészettörténet - műemlékvédelem 7. Országos Műemlékvédelmi Hivatal,)

H. Gyürky Katalin: A domonkos rend középkori kolostorai Budán

Mediaeval Dominican Monasteries in Buda Katalin H. Gyürky Around the middle of the 13th century the Dominican Order built a monastery (1254) in Buda and a convent (1252) on Margaret Island. These buildings were evacuated by their inhabitants before Buda's occupation in 1541 by the Turks. Both buildings were destroyed during the 145 years of Turkish rule in Hungary. Their erection coincided with the foundation of Buda itself, and their history was closely bound up with that of Buda, and even of the country for nearly three hundred years. The convent was founded by King Béla IV for his daughter, Margaret. Since it gave home to a large number of highborn ladies, the convent came to possess tremendous wealth. According to the rules of the order, the nuns and the monks had to give away all their worldly possessions. The church of the monastery was erected on the top of another church, which had been built still without a chancel in the 13th century for an earlier settlement, and had an elongated rectangular plan. The churches of the monastery and the convent had similar plans. The construction work in the case of both churches was supervised by the nuns and the monks, although the work itself was done by the same workshop that built the town, the parish churches and the stone buildings of Buda during the 13th century. The Dominican Monastery in Buda was characterized by simplicity; in many ways it resembled the monasteries built in Italy, and especially those erected in Bologna. However, the elongated sanctuary already reflected the new lifestyle and tasks which were introduced in the life of the order in the middle of the 13th century. By contrast to the similarities of their plan, the internal division of the monastery and the convent followed their different requirements. In the garden of the convent there were guest houses, while a seminar was built next the monastery in 1304-1305. A 13th century house standing by the northern wall of the monastery was converted for this purpose. A total of four hypocausts were uncovered during the excavation of the monastery and the convent. The churches of both the monastery and the convent were rebuilt in Gothic style; in the case of the former it was done around 1370, while the later was reconstructed around 1380. These were no longer characterized by simplicity. Members of the royal family and other highborn persons were buried in the church of the convent. The burial place of Princess Margaret, who was later canonized, was revered as a relic. By contrast, mostly citizens were buried in the church of the monastery, who were quite often foreign settlers (for example, Italian)

. Because of the school, housed in the building, the monastery of the monks was gradually being enlarged. Their yard was outside the town walls, below the monastery. The convent of the nuns remained unchanged for a long time, several outbuildings being added only about the turn of 16th century. The history of the monastery in Buda was publisched in German (Note No. 2.). The excavation of the convent was published in Hungarian, with foreign-language summary (Note No. T).