Veress Márton: A Bakony természettudományi kutatásának eredményei 23. - Covered karst evolution... (Zirc, 2000)

METHODS

entrances, damaged ceiling) their remnant character was proved. The spherical niches recognised in the caves allowed conclusion for their place of origin (zone of flowing karst water). The spherical niches observed in many places in the rocky valley sides supplied evi­dence to the entire destruction of exposed caves and to their contribution to valley forma­tion. Mapping Maps of various scale and themes were prepared for the karst of the mountains. Mapping surface karst features - Several karstic depressions were surveyed and represented on 1:50 or 1:100 scale karst topographic and karst morphological maps. Cave maps were drawn on the conduits of co­vered karst depressions and interpreted. - Surface karst areas were surveyed by tachymeter and mapped for karst topography (three subareas of Mester-Hajag, Égett Hill, karst terrain around the Homód-árok, envi­rons of Fehér-kő-árok, karst terrain above Judit spring, two areas of the Tábla Valley envi­rons on the Tés Plateau (at 1:250 or 1:500 scales). On the maps karst objects were repre­sented using 0.5 m or 1.0 m contour intervals. These became the base maps for karst mor­phological mapping. - Karst topographic maps were also made using 1:10 000 scale maps as base (for the Hajag-Papod Mountain Group and for the environs of the Márvány-árok). They were also developed into karst morphological maps. - The above mentioned maps were developed into karst morphological maps in some cases. It means that the distribution and thickness of cover deposits were represented on karst topographic and karst morphological maps. This way, the surface of the underlying karstic sequence is mapped (eg. in the case of the karst objects Mb-50 and G-6/b). The above maps are applied for the following purposes: - to represent the distribution of karst objects and their relationships with other, non­karstic landforms; - to analyse the properties and processes of karstification on individual terrains and to identify various types of karstification in the mountains; - mapping the areas of karstic depressions, the landforms developed in cover deposits during the evolution of these features can be documented and thus data can be supplied to judge the role of cover sediments in karstification; - to obtain data on chimney development in covered karst areas. Mapping exposed caves and their remnants - Maps of caves were drawn for several areas (Ördög-árok, Kő-árok, Magos Hill etc). Their interpretation shows that cave remnants are concentrated in valley sides at highly variable elevations above present-day valley floors. From the positions of caves relative to water-courses in the valleys conclusions can be drawn for the dimensions of cavities formed below the one-time valley floors. - Destroyed cavities at various morphological positions were also mapped. These maps provided information for the clarification of processes of cave exposure and destruction.

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