Veress Márton: A Bakony természettudományi kutatásának eredményei 23. - Covered karst evolution... (Zirc, 2000)

Explanation of frequently used concepts

Doline-with-pseudoponor above passage: It has a shape similar to the previous feature but there is a water conduit in the depression. Fossilised covered karst features Water recharge from the one-time karst landform into the karst has ceased. Partly due to imperviousness and partly to the fact that these sites are mostly without drainage, rainwater accumulated here for longer periods. The landforms have diameters of some metres and depth of some tens of centimetres. Wallow of ponor type: A syngenetic covered karst ponor fossilised. Wallow of doline-with-ponor type: Syngenetic or postgenetic dolines-with-ponor fossilised. Caves died development forms Collapse doline: A mostly undrained landform of some tens of centimetres depth, developed from the caved-in ceilings of cavities in the zone of flowing karst water. According to groudplan form, circular, elongated and broad and elongated and narrow collapse dolines are distinguished. They are distinct in their environment. The elongated and broad collapse doline has steep walls (of bedrock) and 10-20 cm width. Cave remnant: A cavity formed in the zone of flowing karst water and exposed by the erosion of the enclosing rock. Cave remnant in valley: In valley side, exposed by a water-course. Cave remnant on plateau margin: Exposed by frost shattering and mass movements and opens onto escarpment. Cave remnant in summit position: Also exposed by frost shattering and mass movements but opens onto block summit surface. Corrosional residual feature: A minor feature which is not joined by other solutional cavities during its development but also exposed with the erosion of the enclosing rock. Truncated cave remnant: The cave exposed by the water-course is shortened as the valley side is being eroded. Ruined cave remnant: After the ceiling of the cave is destroyed in several places, the cave is divided into several shorter through caves. The through caves are mostly of some metres' length and have two or more entrances. Cave ruin: The cave remnant loses its ceiling. Cave ruins are some metre long and some tens of centimetres deep features with vertical rock walls.