Folia Theologica 9. (1998)

Józef Krukowski: The Issues of the Negotiations of Concordats

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J. KRUKOWSKI

concordats include a broader range of these guarantees, others only some (partial concordats). These guarantees refer to the following:

1) Freedom of the Church to pursue its mission and the right to public and free activity in the spheres of cult, jurisdiction, teaching and charity6.

2) Guarantees of respecting the autonomy of the Church in a given country, which include the following:

— freedom of communication between the Holy See and the bishops with the faithful of particular churches7.

— access of the Church to the mass media and a possibility to use them8.

— the right of the faithful to establish ecclesiastical associations, in accordance with the Canon Law, in order to realise the aims relating to the mission of the Church9.

— the right of the Church to carry on protection towards the faithful staying at public closed institutions such as prisons, hospitals, corrective institutions10.

— forms of ministry in the army for the protection of free religious practices in the army and a possibility of providing religious services by army chaplains11.

6 Cf. Article 1 of the agreement with Argentina from 1966; Article 1 of the agreement with Spain from 1976; Article 2 of the agreement with Italy; Article 8 of the concordat with Poland.

7 Cf. Article 2 of the concordat with Venezuela from 1964; Article 5 modus vivendi with Tunisia from 1964; Article 4 of the agreement with Argentina from 1966; Article 2 of the agreement with Spain from 1979 which concerns legal issues; Article 3 of the concordat with Poland.

8 Cf. Article 10 of the concordat with Lower Saxony from 1965; Article 14 of the agreement with Spain from 1979 concerning the teaching and cultural questions; Article 2 of the agreement with Italy; Article 20 of the concordat with Poland; Articles 5 and 7 of the agreement with Israel.

9 Cf. Article 4 of the above mentioned agreement with Spain from 1979; Article 19 of the concordat with Poland.

10 Cf. Article 11 of the concordat with Lower Saxony; Article 4 of the agreement with Spain concerning legal issues; Article 18 of the agreement with Peru; Article 18 of the agreement with Italy; Article 17 of the concordat with Poland.

11 Cf. the agreement with Salvador from 1968; the agreement with Ecuador from 1978; the agreement with Bolivia from 1986; the agreement with Brazil from 1989; the agreement with Spain from 1979; Article 11 of the agreement with Itaiy, Article 16 of the concordat with Poland, the agreement with Hungary from 1994.