Dr. Murai Éva - Gubányi András szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 29-30. (Budapest, 1997)

based upon the conventional protocol: the first injection must be repeated one month later and then the third dose must be given 1 year after the second one. The booster injection administered at 3-year intervals provides long-term protection. As febrile reactions are more common in childhood, a separate vaccine, Encepur K, has been developed for use in children under 12 years of age. This contains half as much viral protein as the variant serving for use in children above 12 years and in adults. As in infants under 1 year of age TBE occurs only exceptionally (Grubbauer et al. 1992), we recommend that vaccination should be started only after 12 months of age. Encepur can be used for continuing the vaccination started with FSME Immun. Although the two vaccines slightly differ in the seed lot virus applied, animal experiments have shown that this cannot cause an appreciable difference in the protective immunity induced (Holzmann et al. 1992). Studies on vaccinated persons and animal experiments indicate that the serological results accurately reflect the presence or absence of protection (Ferenczi 1990). The rapid development of protective immunity after vaccination is ensured by the cell-mediated defence mechanism (Stephenson et al. 1995). For each new batch of the vaccine it seems to be essential to perform serological tests on a sufficient number of persons vaccinated with it. Whichever vaccine is selected for use, following the vaccination protocol in a consistent manner is the joint responsibility of the vaccinating physician and the person requesting the immunisation. Consistently accomplished and adequately performed vaccination is capable of eliminating TBE. In Austria, a radical change has been achieved in the epidemiological data by vaccinating 60% of the people living in, or visiting, regions where the risk of infection is high (Kunz 1991). As in Hungary only 3-5% of the population have received adequate preventive vaccination, the epidemiological impact of that vaccination can hardly be felt. However, the efficacy of the vaccine is obvious also from Hungarian surveys: while only 1 out of 4,300 vaccinated persons became affected with TBE, 116 out of 7,500 unvaccinated persons working in the same area developed TBE during the same period (Lontai and Straub 1991). Lakos, A., Ferenczi, E., Ferencz, A. és Tóth, E.: A kullancsencephalitis A kullancsencephalitis ritka, de gyakran súlyos lefolyású betegség. Magyarországon 1968 és 1995 között 5561 esetet ismertek fel, a halálozás 1-1,5 % között ingadozott, a betegségnek többnyire fiatal felnőtt férfiak esnek áldozatul. A betegek felét Zala, Somogy, Nógrád és Vas megyében észlelték. Egyes területeken (Tolna, Pest, Nógrád és Heves megye) a diagnosztizált esetek számához képest kevés vizsgálatot végeztetnek, ami egyet jelent azzal, hogy nagyobb számú beteg nem kerül felismerésre. Magyarországon eddig a lakosság csupán 3-5 %-a részesült megfelelő védőoltásban, ennek hatása még nem hozhatott egyértelmű változásokat az epidemiológiai adatokban. REFERENCES Aebi, C. and Schaad, U. B. (1994): TBE-immunoglobulins - a critical assessment of efficacy. — Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. 124: 1837-1840. Cizman, M. and Jazbec, J. ( 1993): Etiology of acute encephalitis in childhood in Slovenia. - Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 12: 903-908. Collard, M., Gut, J. P, Christmann, D., Hirsch, E., Nastorg, G„ Sellai, F. and Haller, X. (1993): Tick-borne encephalitis in Alsace. —Rev. Neurol. Paris 149: 198-201.