Dr. Murai Éva - Gubányi András szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 28. (Budapest, 1995)

commands, rotate and move. Automatic selection of appropriate coordinate data from outline were taken by means of relational functions (atom is numerically equal to, not equal to, less than and greater than the following atom, respectively) and two AutoCAD system variables extmax and extmin, which represented the maximum and minimum coordinates of the drawing (polyline). Five homologous landmark points on the hooks measured were: 1) tip of the proximal root of the hook (handle); 2) tip of ventral root of the hook (guard); 3) minimum point of the upper curve of the blade; 4) tip of the hook's blade; and 5) minimum point of the lower curve of the blade (Fig. 1G). Distance measurements, calculated from coordinates of the landmark points by the means of the Euclidian Distances Function were as follows: total length (TL), posterior chord length (PCL), anterior chord length (ACL), blade length (BL), basis length (BAL), guard length (GL), total width (TW) and length of the perpendicular from the anterior chord to the lowest point of the curve of the blade (PEL), respectively (Fig. 1H). The eight measurements of the hook were taken for the purpose of descriptive statistics and discriminate analysis using SPSS/PC + program package (Norusis 1990). Minimum spanning trees of the canonical variate centroids were constructed using average taxonomic distance in the NTSYS-pc program (Rohlf 1990). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the first step, Taenia specimens were arranged into 18 groups according to their original identification. As Figs 2-5 show, considerable standard deviations were found for all of the distance measurements. Total length The total length of the small hooks of T. parva, T. laticollis and T. taeniaeformis has extremely large values and the species are clearly distincguishable from one other. An overlap has been found among T. regis, T. martis and T. selousi but those species can be separated from T. acinonyxi, T. hydatigena, T. parenchymatös a, T. kotlani, T. multiceps, T. pisiformis, T. solium, T. crassiceps and T. polyacantha, which have smaller values. T. ovis, T. serialis and T. brauni represent the smallest value for total length of the small hooks. The large hooks of T. parva, T. laticollis and T. taeniaeformis have the same characteristics as the small ones. T. regis, T. selousi, T. multiceps and T. parenchymatosa can be differentiated from T. acinonyxi, T. hydatigena, T. kotlani and T. martis. Only the measurements of T. polyacantha, T. crassiceps, T. solium and T. pisiformis are between those of the group of T. brauni, T. ovis, T. serialis and the T. acinonyxi group. The measurements of the small hooks of T. regis and the large hooks of T. polyacantha show approximately normal distribution (P = 0.085, P = 0.076). Posterior chord length (PCL) The small hooks of T. taeniaeformis and T. laticollis can be definitely differentiated from hooks of the other species. Also on the basis of PCL, T. parva, T. regis, T. parenchymatosa, T. selousi and T. martis form a group. At the same time, T. polyacantha,